Succulent soil preparation technology
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For succulents, most of the cultivated soils sold in the market have certain limitations, so experienced enthusiasts often prepare themselves. What kind of cultivation soil is considered to be of high quality? Simply put, it should be a sandy loam that is porous, well drained, has a certain granular structure, and can provide the nutrients needed for the growth of plants. When preparing, pay attention to the proper combination of organic planting material and inorganic planting material to avoid fine and too small dust. The following are some commonly used substrates for succulents: 1. Organic planting material 1. Rotin leaf soil: The Clivia blue soil sold on the market can be used, and the cypress or eucalyptus leaves can also be collected and fermented, and then used for disinfection. 2. Peat: It is a lake and marsh plant buried in the ground for thousands of years. It is now better produced in Jilin and Heilongjiang. High-quality peat brown, high organic matter content, good fiber, loose texture, non-sticky hand, strong adsorption, pH is slightly acidic. 3, wood chips: permeable, strong water retention, but because of its high carbon content, low nitrogen content, generally not used alone, can be mixed with some nitrogen compounds such as soybean cake and other composting fermentation. 4, ash: rich in potassium, slightly alkaline pH. To choose a dark black, do not whiten, and the structure should be uniform and not too thin. 5, snake sawdust: After treatment of a kind of fern (桫椤) stems. Hard brown, not rot. Drainage is good and has certain fertility. It is a popular cultivation medium in recent years. 6. Slime: common: Huangshan mud: low organic matter content, general drainage; Hongshan mud: high content of organic matter, heavy soil after watering, easy to compact after drying, and black mud: high content of organic matter, good drainage and It is not easy to compact after watering. Black mud is generally used. 7, cents soil: commonly used orchid cultivation matrix. However, it has proven to be quite good for more meats. Its characteristics are: full of nutrients, good drainage, no pollution, no weed seeds. One year after the potting, the pellet structure is still very good. In addition there are other plant materials. Second, the inorganic plant material 1, vermiculite: a kind of honeycomb structure of gold lightweight material, strong water retention, good ventilation and no pathogens. The survival rate of the cutting substrate is high, but it has no fertility and should be mixed with other substrates. It is easy to destroy its structure after long-term cultivation. Used vermiculite should be used after screening. 2. Perlite: A volcanic rock containing aluminosilicates that is heated and expanded at high temperatures to form a lightweight material. Good water permeability and good ventilation. However, the effective water content is low, and it is often used to add supplementary materials. 3, coconut milk: palm fiber, loose texture, especially strong water retention. Used to cut. The more common on the market is the cocoon that has been compressed into small pieces, also known as "expanded soil." When used, dip in water first. 4. Tongji Stone: Made of high-temperature firing, often placed in the pelvic floor or mixed with other substrates. If mixed with other plant materials, the particles should not be too large, about 0.2 cm. 5. Planting stone: It is also a planting blue matrix, which is more advantageous than the pond basement stone. It is rich in various minerals and is effective for the cultivation of more meat. It can be used as a substitute for the above, but the price is slightly expensive. 6, sand: should be selected without salt, particles should not be too fine. It must be panned, sieved, and mixed with other matrices before use. Good water permeability, high oxygen content, large temperature difference between morning and evening, suitable for more meat requirements. Other inorganic plant materials include volcanic rocks and briquettes. In addition, some auxiliary materials are commonly used in the preparation of culture soils, such as calcium-containing material shell powder, calcium treasure and so on. There are also some basic fertilizers such as chicken manure and cow dung. No matter which planting materials are selected or how they are to be formulated, the basic requirements of the plant must be met, and all aspects must be taken into account to ensure flexibility. 1 According to the cultivation site to prepare: If the land and potted soil are different. In order to consider more drainage areas in land-planting, more highly drainable materials such as gravel should be added. Potted plants should be properly supplemented with organic matter on the principle of ensuring loose air permeability. If it is planted on the south balcony, we must consider the characteristics of relatively dry, adequate light, and appropriate addition of some water-retaining matrix, such as vermiculite, coconut cocoon and so on. 2 According to different types of preparation: different types of soil preparation may be "different". For example, epiphytes require certain humus, while some terrestrial species with poor soil and undeveloped root systems have no higher requirements for humus. Not only do different species require different soils, they also have different soil requirements as well as different species of the family. For the Chinese Lily and Aries in the Liliaceae, the former is a genus of aloe and has a strong habit and fast growth. It can add enough base fertilizer to the pelvic floor. The latter is a species of genus Sargassum, which grows slowly and basically does not require basal fertilizer. 3 According to different cultivation areas to prepare: the weather is dry in the north, and there is a certain requirement for the moisture-retaining ability of the soil; abundant rainwater in the south, high air humidity, and higher requirements for the drainage and ventilation of the soil. 4 According to different growth stages to prepare: seedling roots are not well-developed, organic matter content to be slightly less, the soil with light materials with some fine sand, and later slowly increase the content of organic matter. In fact, soil preparation is not simple and a few major principles can be made clear. The key is the cultivation of the grower's own experience. It will take a long time to find out a set of “self-created†recipes. The following formulas are available for reference: 1) 8 pieces of lithiasis + 2 pieces of celestial soil + a few shell powders (suitable for cultivating stone flowers). 2) 10 pieces of coarse sand + 2 pieces of wood chips + 1 part of basal fertilizer + 1 piece of garden soil (appropriately used for planting). 3) 1 part of rotted leaf soil, 1 part of peat, 2 parts of coarse sand, 1 part of light material, and a little basal fertilizer (suitable for cultivation of epiphytes). 4) 3 parts of Tongji stone, 2 parts of Xiantu, 1 part of light material and 1 part of peat (suitable for cultivation of 12 varieties of hard leaf system). 5) Garden soil 2 parts + rot leaf soil 1 part + coarse sand 4 parts + light material 1 part + half ash part (suitable for cultivation of common terrestrial species).