Trimming technology
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Roebuck is a tree plant of the genus Rosaceae, which is a subtropical evergreen tree that grows in an area with an average annual temperature of 12°C or more. The growth of litchi shoots is more regular and natural, but it cannot be ignored. 1. During the pruning period, except for the summer heat and the severe winter season, pruning should not be done. Generally can be divided into spring pruning, summer pruning and autumn pruning. The time and degree of pruning should be based on the local climatic conditions, age, tree vigor, how much the result and the purpose of trimming. Generally speaking, "the spring is right, summer is early, and autumn is late." 1. Spring pruning: Spring pruning promotes hair growth, enhances spring shoots, and rapidly expands the canopy, usually before the shoots are fired in early spring from March to March. Temperatures in the spring rise quickly, and early budding areas are trimmed earlier and areas where late thawing periods are delayed can be postponed. The degree of pruning during this period should be light to prevent the tip of the shoots from draining. 2. Summer pruning: Generally pruning after fruit picking. Pruning during this period can promote the early summer hair extraction, training new branches. At this time pruning as early as possible, should be completed 10-15 days after harvesting fruit, pruning should be light. Late-maturing crops are best trimmed after fruit picking. If the pruning is too late or the pruning is too heavy, the summer shoots can not be stopped in a timely manner, and a large number of new branch shoots are extracted, which consumes a lot of nutrition, affects the formation and differentiation of flower buds in autumn and winter, delays the flowering period, and affects the flowering result directly if the cold weather is encountered, resulting in a leap year.æž‡æ· Cut production and revenue. 3. Autumn pruning: This period is the budding period of pupae. Pruning in this period is to adjust the proportion of fruiting branches and vegetative shoots, to solve the contradiction between reproductive growth and vegetative growth, to accumulate nutrients, to promote the development of fruiting branches, and to increase the fruit setting rate. This period of pruning should be based on the condition of eucalyptus trees combined with sparse flowering buds, generally based on the amount of pruning at the time of budding, the time is mostly from September to November. Second, pruning methods pruning wipes (in addition to sprouting), thinning, short cut, retraction, support, pull, hanging and other methods to increase the angle of the branches, according to the specific circumstances of the park, choose some of these methods. 1. Wiping buds: Before planting, the seedlings that retain the proper orientation, strong and full of buds, wipe out excess buds. This method conserves nutrients, enables the sapling's tree shape to meet the requirements of plasticity, and cultivates strong and sturdy branches to improve the tree vigor; adult results wipe the buds so that the branches to be extracted are in the right orientation, the branches are robust, the distance between the layers is appropriate, and ventilation is thorough. Light, improve fruit quality. The budding time is divided 2-3 times before the new shoots are drawn in spring and autumn. The juniper shoots of juvenile trees should not be too heavy, otherwise it is easy to weaken the tree vigor, prolong the flowering and fruit setting and reduce the economic benefits of the park. 2. Thinning: Cut the branches from the base and call them thinning. The branches can reduce the amount of branches, ease the tree potential, adjust the amount of individual trees, improve the ventilation and light transmission of the canopy, improve the fruit quality and yield, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. This method is generally carried out in the early spring fruit growth and development period, combined with thinning and fruiting. 3. Short cuts (short cuts): According to the degree of pruning, they are divided into light, medium and heavy cuts. Light cut is to cut only part of the tip of the annual branch, generally intercepting about 1/3 of the entire shoot. Its purpose is to weaken the apical dominance, ease the tree potential and branching potential, promote the growth of the base shoots, and extract new branches and branches. General light cut results for the storage of nutrients for the shoots. In the mid-upper saturated shoots of the annual branch, it is cut to approximately 1/2 of the entire shoot. Its purpose is to promote its pumping of Wang Zhi, which is used to cultivate fruiting branches and increase flowering and fruit setting rate. Cut back to the middle or lower part of the annual branch, or cut off 3/4 or all of the branches. In this method, all or part of leggy branches, slim branches, dead branches, cross branches, and drooping branches are cut off. The heavy twig group should not be too much, otherwise it will affect the growth and adult tree tree growth of the young tree and the yield and benefit of the tree. 4. Retraction: Cut off a portion of the branches or branches of the perennial tree for rejuvenation, cut off the branches and branches of the pests, withered branches, accumulate nutrients, and restore the tree vigor. This method is generally used for adult trees and debilitated trees. 5. Supporting, pulling, hanging: support is to open branches with small sticks or branches; pulling is to pull the branches on the trunk with a rope; hanging is to use weights to suspend the branches to change the direction of the branches, increase the angle, this method is large Adult gardens in area are often used. The purpose of these three methods is to weaken the apical dominance, promote adult tree outcomes or sapling reshaping, adjust the density of shoots between branches and layers, improve crown illumination, increase ventilation and light transmission, and easily result in appropriate branch position. These three methods are generally performed after the bud emerges in autumn and before the result. 6. Twisting and taking branches: The lower part of the sticks is called the twisted tip; the lower part of the sticks is bent and massaged to the top so that it makes a slight noise but is not broken. Both operations have some damage to the xylem and hinder the transportation of nutrients up and down. Its purpose is to destroy the apical dominance, increase the nutrient accumulation in the upper part of the shoots, and promote the results, which can be used when the young trees grow vigorously. These two methods are generally performed in late summer and early autumn.