The four-season geese are known for their self-incubation ability, strong omnivorous diet, fast growth, and tender meat, which makes them a popular choice among farmers. These geese are often raised in dry fields during the winter to grow green vegetables and breed throughout the year. The breeding process is cost-effective and efficient, especially when using scientific feeding and management techniques.
First, the selection of geese plays a crucial role in ensuring high fertility and survival rates. To avoid inbreeding and enhance genetic diversity, it's recommended to choose geese from different production groups. When selecting breeding stock, focus on traits such as size, strength, and overall health. Male to female ratio should be around 1:3 to ensure optimal breeding performance. Additionally, geese should be selected based on their reproductive potential, including the ability to maintain a healthy penis, which is essential for successful mating.
In terms of feeding, goslings should be provided with a balanced diet that includes both green feeds and concentrated feed, especially during the breeding season. Female geese require more concentrated feed during egg-laying, incubation, and molting periods. However, during rest periods, the amount of concentrate should be reduced to prevent overfeeding and obesity.
During the incubation period, it’s important to identify broody geese by observing their behavior, such as building nests and staying close to the eggs. Once a goose starts sitting on her nest, you can allow up to 10 eggs to be incubated. It's best to handle the eggs at night, and the number of eggs per goose should match her body size—usually about 10 to 15 eggs.
Nest preparation is also key. The nesting area should be quiet, sheltered, and dimly lit. You can use egg hatches, bamboo poles, or cardboard boxes as nesting materials. Ensure the nests are surrounded by bricks or hard structures to keep them stable. Cover the nest with soft straw or wheat straw, and place a smooth layer of pillows to make turning the eggs easier. Avoid moving the nest during the egg-turning process.
Artificial assistance in turning the eggs can significantly improve hatching success. While mother geese do turn their eggs, the process may not be consistent. Manually turning the eggs twice a day helps ensure even development. During this time, it's also important to remove any infertile or dead eggs promptly to maintain hygiene and improve hatchability.
Proper care of the mother goose during incubation is essential. She will lose weight and become weaker, so regular feeding and access to clean water are necessary. Cover the eggs with a thin layer of cotton wool to provide insulation, but limit the time the mother spends off the nest to around 30 minutes at a time. This helps maintain her energy and prepares her for future breeding cycles.
When the goslings start hatching, some may struggle to break out of the shell. In such cases, gentle artificial assistance can be provided once the allantois has dried. Carefully pull the head out of the shell and stop any bleeding immediately. If the shell is weak, create a small hole and tear the membrane to help the gosling breathe. After hatching, let the goslings dry naturally before moving them to a brooding area to prevent the mother from stepping on other eggs or becoming agitated.
Once the goslings are 12 days old, they should be introduced to water first, followed by a diet of chopped cabbage and compound feed. Feed them four times a day, with one nighttime feeding being particularly important for their growth. By around 10 days, they can be taken outside to graze on fresh young grass leaves, starting with short sessions of no more than 30 minutes. Gradually increase grazing time while protecting them from rain and excessive sun exposure.
Keep the goslings dry, warm, and well-hydrated. Provide clean drinking water and ensure their feeding areas are free from dirt and grease. Their digestive systems are still developing, so careful management is essential to prevent illness and death.
As the geese grow, they enter adolescence at about one month old and can graze freely during the day. However, protect them from cold and heat, and always graze them in safe, pesticide-free areas. At 70 days old, when they weigh around 3.5 kg, they are ready for slaughter.
To prevent disease, maintain clean facilities and follow strict sanitation protocols. Vaccinate goslings at 30-35 days before egg-laying and again within 3-10 days after hatching. Use appropriate vaccines and serum for diseases like gosling plague and fowl cholera. Adding antibiotics to their feed can also help prevent common infections like influenza and E. coli.
By following these practices, farmers can ensure the health, productivity, and profitability of their four-season goose farming operations.
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A Disposable Laparoscopic Trocar is a medical device used in minimally invasive surgery to create a small incision in the abdominal wall for the insertion of surgical instruments and a camera. It consists of a sharp, pointed tip that is inserted through the skin and into the abdominal cavity, and a sleeve that provides a pathway for the surgical instruments. Once the trocar is inserted, the sleeve is locked in place and the instruments can be inserted and removed through it. Disposable laparoscopic trocars are designed for single-use only to prevent the risk of infection and cross-contamination. They are available in different sizes and shapes to accommodate various surgical procedures.
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