Edible fungus catches "five levels" in autumn

In autumn, particularly during early autumn, the production of edible fungi is often affected by various limiting factors. Compared to winter production, the success rate tends to be lower. This is one of the main reasons why fresh mushrooms are more expensive during this season. Therefore, we would like to strongly advise most farmers, especially those running large-scale production bases: this year’s edible fungus cultivation must be handled with strict procedures, focused prevention, and scientific management to ensure a smooth and successful production process. In actual practice, it is essential to monitor the following five key aspects. **Nutrient Ratio in the Substrate** In general, straw materials such as cottonseed hulls and corn cobs are commonly used as substrates. However, these materials are typically rich in carbon but lack essential nutrients, leading to an imbalanced composition that cannot fully meet the growth requirements of edible fungi. Although mushrooms can be produced, the yield is usually low and only for a short period. The primary issue is the absence of trace elements, which leads to weak mycelium development, poor resistance, and ultimately heavy contamination and low yields. To address this, adding a three-dimensional nutrition essence specifically designed for edible fungi to the substrate formula can provide a well-balanced and nutrient-rich environment. This promotes strong and healthy mycelium growth, enhances disease resistance, and helps achieve optimal mushrooming conditions. **Disinfection and Sterilization of Mushroom Houses** Most mushroom cultivation takes place in greenhouses, so it is crucial to thoroughly disinfect and sterilize the facilities according to strict protocols. Many farmers overlook this step, especially when using old mushroom houses that may harbor numerous pathogens. Due to a lack of awareness and proper preventive measures, they often neglect the disinfection process, leading to widespread contamination and sometimes even irreparable losses. The recommended treatment includes cleaning the greenhouse, removing any covering materials, repairing or replacing the plastic film, then applying an 800-times diluted phoxim solution, spraying the entire area with a suitable disinfectant, sealing the house for 2–3 days, repeating the treatment once, and after two days of airtightness, opening the vents and sprinkling lime powder on the floor before moving in the inoculated bags. **Sterile Inoculation Procedures** Traditional inoculation methods often involve fumigation with potassium permanganate and formaldehyde, which can be harmful to workers, especially due to the carcinogenic nature of formaldehyde and its long residual effects. These practices are also not in line with green food standards, which prohibit the use of such substances. Additionally, the use of chemical agents during inoculation increases labor intensity and makes the process cumbersome, leading to fatigue and potential non-standard operations, which result in high contamination rates. A better alternative is to use a “mushroom inoculum and purifier” device. After turning it on for about 10 minutes, clean air is released from the machine, allowing for safe and efficient inoculation without harm to personnel. This method improves the success rate of inoculation and simplifies the process significantly. **Fungal Growth Period Management** Even if the mushroom house was properly disinfected earlier, during the germination phase, the movement of staff and continuous ventilation can introduce new bacterial contaminants into the environment. Therefore, it's important to maintain strict control and continue preventive measures. It is common to use broad-spectrum bactericides such as "All Diseases Prevent" or Saibai 09, along with cypermethrin to kill insects. The main areas to treat include walls, floors, vents, and entrances, with a light spray in the air to prevent contamination effectively. **Prevention During Mushrooming** Throughout the entire cultivation cycle, in addition to regular drug treatments, it's essential to closely monitor the signs of bacterial diseases. Any initial contamination or symptoms should be addressed immediately. If infected areas are detected, you can apply a liquid like "All Diseases Prevent" to the affected spots or directly sprinkle pesticide powder on the contaminated sites to eliminate the pathogen completely. After treating the contaminated bags, those with minor issues can continue to grow mushrooms, while severely infected ones can be repurposed as organic fertilizer after the pathogens are eliminated.

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