Prevention and Treatment of Peanut New Black Ground Spider Mantis
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Peanut new black ground spider aphid is a genus Homopterididae, is a new type of underground pests in peanut fields in recent years, occur in our province's main peanut production areas, the general field reduction of 20% to 30%, serious Field blocks can produce more than 50% or even no more. In order to grasp the law of its occurrence and find out effective prevention and control measures, since 1999 we have observed and tested the living characteristics and field control techniques of the new groundnut spider mites. We have basically figured out the laws of its occurrence and effective prevention and control methods. Hazardous characteristics Peanuts New black ground spider mites occur once a year in our province. Overwintering soil of the second instar larvae in the host root soil is more than 20 cm. If the environmental conditions are not suitable, some spiders can continue to sleep. The diameter of female spiders in winter is 3-6mm. Feathering begins in May of next year, and the peak of emergence is in mid-May. Female adults are milky white, nearly elliptical, soft-bodyed, with many folds on the surface, dense yellow-brown hairs, and they are active on the surface of the earth after emergence. The wintering male spider has a diameter of 2 to 3mm. It began to phlegm in late April. It is in the midst of May, and it is milky white. It begins to emerge in mid-May, and it emerges in late May. The male adult is yellow-brown. It has a pair of forewings and is transparent. The hind wings are balanced. The forefoot is suitable for digging. It can fly for a short distance. The end of the abdomen has a white wax thread 3~4mm long. Male and female adults can mate after emergence, after which the male adults die. The female adults do eggs in the soil and begin to spawn in mid-May. Eggs are piled on the back of the body, and in mid-June, they are spawning periods. The egg period is about 20 days and the eggs hatch in late June to early July. The first-instar larvae are yellowish-brown, about 2 mm in length, and they are active about 10 days on the soil surface, and are most active from 3 to 4 pm. They look for the host, and then use the oral needle to pierce the roots of the peanuts to fix them and suck the sap of the plants, causing harm to the plants. . Their feet and abdomen gradually degenerate, forming a brownish-brown spider body, that is, second-instar larvae. The second-instar larvae continue to smoke and grow. The spider's body color is shallow and deep, and finally it turns dark brown, and the epidermis is hard. White wax, and this winter. After the peanuts were damaged by the spider mites, the above-ground parts grew poorly and they seemed to lack water, and then they died. There will be sporadic dead-tree deaths in the re-transmission field in late July. In August, dead trees will increase significantly until harvest. In addition to damaging peanuts, the pest can also harm the legume crops. In June-August, drought and drought caused serious damage. Prevention technology According to the law of the occurrence of this insect, we have conducted prevention and control technology research in the peanut heavy loquat area in Longwang, Xindian, Mengzhuang, etc. of Xinzheng since 2001, and summed up a set of effective comprehensive prevention and control. method. 1. After the peanuts are harvested, the spiders are picked up promptly and destroyed centrally to reduce the source of overwintering insects. 2. Rational rotation, and rotation of crops other than peanuts and beans. 3. In mid-June, the egg grows in time for cultivating and watering in order to destroy the egg chamber and reduce the hatching rate of eggs. 4. Pharmacy control: From 2001 to 2004, we used different agents to conduct trials and trials during the larval stage of activity from late June to early July to find the best period for prevention and treatment. From the results of the demonstration of pesticide control trials, we seized 50% phoxim, 5% fipronil, 90% trichlorfon, and 40% of the larvae in the critical period of surface activity from late June to early July. Acetomethamine, 40.7% chlorpyrifos and other high efficiency and low toxicity pesticides, diluted with water 800 times into the manual sprayer to remove the nozzle, pierced into the roots of peanuts or 10% phosphine granules 3 kg per acre amount of fine Soil dumplings, the best water after the application of water once, the control effect can reach 70% to 92%, keep the seedling rate reached 80% to 90%. According to the survey, in 2004, Xinzheng City's control area reached 32,000 mu, and its control efficiency reached 70% to 80%, and the seedling maintenance rate reached 82% to 90%. Peanut production at the time of harvest was 22% higher than that in uncontrolled areas. The effect was very significant.