Autumn sowing wheat to intensive cultivation
This year, the autumn sowing of wheat should implement the guiding ideology of “fine seeding and scientific managementâ€, grasping all aspects of soil preparation and sowing, effectively improving the quality of sowing, and laying a good foundation for the comprehensive improvement of wheat yield. First, soil preparation Straw returned to the field: Straw should be crushed more than two times, and the length after crushing should not exceed 5 cm. If the amount of straw is large, nitrogen fertilizer (urea 5-7.5 kg) should be added to meet the nitrogen requirement when the straw is decomposed by microorganisms. . To make a good end: Earlier harvesting and lack of lyrical spring corn plots or silage plots should be filled with water, so that the seeds can be planted under enough conditions to ensure that all seedlings are planted; if the summer maize plots are harvested later, Grab the sowing and then use sprinkler irrigation to cast "covered water" and promptly break the soil compaction. Scientific fertilization: 1,000-2,000 kilograms of organic fertilizer is applied before the farmland to cultivate fertility. The total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the whole growth period depends on the status of soil nutrients and the output target. The recommended fertilization amount per mu for 400 kg is 18.8 kg/mu for pure nitrogen, 8.4 kg/mu for phosphorus pentoxide and 3.4 kg/mu for potassium oxide. . All phosphate fertilizers, potash fertilizers, and 50% nitrogen fertilizers were applied before plantation, and 50% were used as topdressing spring. Low-lying plots should increase the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer; high-earth plots should appropriately reduce the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer. Fine land preparation: First, heavy weight. The straw is further crushed to promote the mixing of straw, fertilizer and soil. The second is deep plowing or deep loosening. Straw returned to the field to properly increase the depth of ploughing, generally about 25 cm is appropriate. For many years, no deep plowing and ploughing of the thicker ground, the deep plow can be used to break the plow bottom. The third is rotary or frivolous. To break up the earth, flat surface. The land that has been deeply ploughed or deepened last year can be ploughed (two or more times) with a depth of not less than 15 cm to ensure the quality of rotary tillage. The uneven terrain can use disc harrows to dig corners and add flat ground and repression equipment to level the land and moderately compact the soil to achieve leveling of the ground, fine crushing of the soil, and application of virtual reality. Second, seed preparation Determine the main cultivars: high-producer species recommended Agricultural University 211, Rotary 987, Zhongmai 175 and Jingdong 17; High-quality varieties recommended Zhongyou 206 and Yannong 19 . Pay attention to high yield and high quality, early maturing and mid-late maturing, high stalk and dwarf varieties collocation. Each district/county is suitable for 1-2 species, and each township or administrative village is suitable for one species, in order to create a uniform grain landscape. Do a good job in seed treatment: First, select the regular seed company to sell the good seed; Second, before sowing by grain weight for seed selection sowing; Third, before sowing, choose sunny to spread the wheat into 4-6 cm, drying 1-2 days, To increase the germination potential; Fourth, pesticide seed dressing to prevent pests and diseases. Pharmaceuticals can use phoxim EC, carbendazim, Rikenxi, etc.; Fifth, use a coating agent containing trace elements to coat the seeds. Third, fine sowing Definite suitable sowing date: Standard wheat seedlings before winter as the main stem leaf age 4 leaves 1 heart - 5 leaves 1 heart, the number of stems per plant 3-5, dark green leaves, no shortage of childbirth. The formation of strong seedlings requires a cumulative temperature of 550°C-650°C above 0°C. According to actual production, the suitable sowing date for this city is from September 25 to October 5. All districts and counties should make reasonable arrangements for cornices, improve the proportion of wheat at the right time, and ensure a steady increase in total grain production for the year. Determine a reasonable amount of sowing: the appropriate amount of wheat sowing with the sowing date changes. The basic principle for the establishment of basic seedlings is 250000 basic mullions on September 25th, 10,000 basic seedlings will be added for every 1 day delay; after 1 October, 15,000 basic seedlings will be added for every 1 day postponed, and the land with high ground can be reduced. 1-3 million seedlings, land plots with poor soil can increase 1-3 million seedlings. The late sowing of wheat after October 5th should be based on the idea of ​​keeping seedlings sprouted. The basic seedlings per mu should reach 400,000-45 thousand, with a maximum of no more than 500,000. Then, the sowing rate should be accurately determined based on the germination rate and 1000-grain weight. Grasp the sowing quality: The operator should master the necessary agricultural machinery operation skills, and determine the basic seedlings according to the sowing date, determine the seeding amount and the specific seeding amount adjustment method according to the basic seedlings. Before sowing, the planter should be carefully debugged. Special planters must be planted at the time of sowing. The depth should be 4-5 cm. Strictly control the sowing speed, do not stop in the middle, reversing, so that the next kind of uniform, consistent depth, no rebroadcast, no leakage broadcast. If the planter is not equipped with a repression device, repression should be carried out at the appropriate time after sowing to ensure normal wheat emergence and safe wintering. Guangzhou Zhongzhinan Supply Chain Co.,Ltd. , https://www.gzzhongzhinan.com