Winter baby food cultivation techniques
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Second, planting seasons
Seeds are planted in late November, covered with mulching, and harvested by the end of February of the following year.
Three, soil preparation
1. Refined soil preparation and sufficient basal fertilizer. The soil is plowed and the farmyard manure is applied to 2000-3000 kilograms/mu, and the plots with roots and diseases are applied to 100 kilograms per mu of slaked lime. Do a 1.5 meter (even ditch) rake, apply 40 kg/mu compound fertilizer, and mix thoroughly.
2. Open shallow points, precise on demand. The spacing is about 2025 centimeters, that is, even 1.5 meters from the ditch, open 5 points, about 10,000 holes per acre, open shallow points, sowing 2 seeds per hole, 1 acre needs about 70 to 80 grams of seeds. After the planting, the soil was covered with soil, and the surface was covered with plastic film. The purpose was to keep warm, moisturize and prevent heavy rain showers.
Fourth, field management
1. And time seedlings, Ding seedlings generally sown 4 to 5 days after emergence, should be timely film rupture seedlings, and strengthen the management of seedlings, dry soil surface watering, preferably in the morning 8 to 10 points pouring. If the land is thin, the base fertilizer is insufficient, combined with watering and a small amount of decomposed manure. About 2 to 3 true leaves are produced about 15 days after emergence. 4 to 5 leaves when the Dingmiao, one per hole, to ensure that about 10,000 per mu.
2. Drainage and Irrigation There is little rain in winter. When it is dry, it must be watered to keep the soil moist. In order to ensure normal growth, fertilizer and water should be properly controlled in the early stage of the ball to prevent the bacteria from growing due to high density and excessive air humidity. The core period should be poured with small water to meet the water supply. Combination of watering and fertilization in general, diligently pouring thin fertilizer.
3. Topdressing After the first set of seedlings, 1000 kg of groundwater was used to pour. The second time in the Rosette period, 1000 mu of decomposed defecate water and 20 kg of urea were used. The third time is the key dressing period, that is, the beginning of the ball-bearing process, with 1,000 kg of cooked decontamination water and 20 kg of urea. Fertilizer 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed on the mid ball to enhance plant resistance.
4. After cultivating and weeding, the live plots are watered or rained, the weeds grow faster, so we must timely cultivating and weeding. After the closure of the late plant line, cultivating can no longer be performed but manual removal is required.
V. Diseases and Insect Pests Prevention Generally speaking, there are fewer pests and diseases of baby food in winter, but prevention and comprehensive prevention are also important. It is forbidden to use highly toxic and high-residue pesticides, and to use high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides and bio-sourced pesticides.
1. Underground pests: The main damage seedlings are yellow song strips, with 2.5% deltamethrin 2000 times, 48% of Lost 800 times liquid control.
2. Aphids: 70% imidacloprid 15000 times, 15% gold good year 1000 times, 3% acetamiprid 2000 ~ 3000 times liquid prevention.
3. Plutella xylostella: 0.5% Avasin 1500-3000 times solution, 2% Abamectin 3000-5000 times solution, 25% Dicomycin 500 times solution.
4. Club disease: 75% chlorothalonil 800 to 1000 times the day sowing, Jin Lei Duomi 800 to 1000 times liquid, 58% formic acid Manganese zinc 600 to 800 times irrigation, 10 to 15 days and then poured once.
5. Downy mildew: spraying 75% chlorothalonil 500 times before the onset of disease prevention, the early onset of spraying dimethyl morpholine morpholine 2000 times, 600 times Benzen zinc solution.
6. Viral disease: early prevention and control of aphids, thrips and other transmission media, the early onset of the use of virus No. 1 emulsion 500 times control. Pesticides should be used alternately in the prevention and treatment to avoid pest resistance.
Sixth, the harvested leaf ball has a longitudinal diameter of about 15 cm, a maximum transverse diameter of 7 cm, and the middle part is slightly thick. When the weight of a single ball is 150 to 300 grams, it should be harvested in time (the weight of the whole doll dish is about 800 grams), and the leaf ball is too large. Or too tight and easy to reduce the value of goods. When harvesting, the whole vegetable and the outer leaves are generally brought back to the cold storage precooling, and then the outer leaves are peeled off according to the standard size of the doll food product before packaging, and each leaflet is packaged with 3 leaflets. The packaging and transport of baby food should be carried out under refrigeration conditions in order to achieve freshness preservation and longer shelf life.