Autumn no-tillage straw cover technology model
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1. Technical operation points (1) Straw mulching: After the autumn harvest, cut the corn stalks and leave the sorghum more than 30 cm long. Cover the sorghum with the corn sorghum and cover it with a certain amount of soil. (2) Spring ploughing and fertilization: In the spring of the second year, 75 kg of special corn fertilizer is applied to the uncovered mu, and the ploughing is performed with a small hand-held tractor. (3) Seeding: Use a small planter or artificially sowing in the ploughing area, 3000-3600 strains per mu. (4) Field management: Spraying zinc sulfate once or twice at the seedling stage. Pay attention to the timely prevention and treatment of red spiders and large spot disease. 2. Supporting agronomics (1) Balanced fertilization: Combining bar tillage and deep-fertilizing is suitable for the growth of corn in northern Shanxi, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is 1:0.5:0.3 for 50-75 kilograms of special corn fertilizer. 0.2% zinc sulfate once. Large bell mouth acres of urea 10-15 kg. (2) Selection of improved varieties: For the application of this technology, the ground temperature is relatively reduced and the seedling growth is slow. Jindan 24, which has a shorter growth period, is selected for the variety. The licorice wet mix was used to coat the seeds to prevent blackheads and smuts. (3) Comprehensive prevention of diseases, pests and weeds: The implementation of straw mulching increases the occurrence of underground pests and also increases the difficulty of weed removal. To prevent weed breeding, spray the surface with 2.4-D herbicide before emergence. Inhibiting weeds and applying organic phosphorus pesticides and veterinary agents along the farmland to prevent underground pests. 3. Effective straw cover technology can effectively increase soil organic matter, reduce water and soil loss by more than 50%, reduce soil evaporation, and increase soil moisture content by 2-5 percentage points compared with traditional bare cultivation.