Medical Network May 24, a new study found that tiny selenium particles can promote the recovery of brain damage, and have a therapeutic effect on ischemic stroke. Pharmacologists, including Alireza Mashaghi from the Leiden Pharmaceutical Research Center, found that selenium nanoparticles inhibited the molecular mechanisms that lead to brain cell loss after stroke, and the results were published in Scientific Reports.
Nanoparticles against stroke
When an ischemic stroke occurs, the blood vessels supplying the brain contract or block. As a result, the blood supply to the brain is insufficient. Mashaghi explained: "Due to cytotoxicity, inflammation and cell death, blood deficiency can cause damage to brain tissue. This in turn can lead to brain dysfunction and neurological diseases such as numbness, vision problems, dizziness and severe headaches." Ischemic Stroke accounts for 87% of all strokes and is an important cause of death. To date, no neuroprotective agents have been shown to produce any measurable improvement in the health of stroke patients. Now, our results show that selenium nanoparticles can inhibit the molecular mechanism of brain cell loss after stroke. "
Ischemia
Ischemia is a shortage of oxygen in the tissue that leads to a shortage of oxygen required for cell metabolism. Ischemia is usually caused by vascular problems leading to tissue damage or dysfunction. It is usually caused by vascular closure caused by vasoconstriction, thrombosis or embolism. Ischemia includes not only oxygen deficiency, but also reduced availability of nutrients and insufficient metabolism of metabolic waste (the latter leading to cytotoxicity).
Inhibition of drug inflammation
According to Mashaghi, this new method not only helps to treat brain damage caused by stroke, but also limits the extent of damage by protecting brain cells during competition. He explained: "After and after a stroke, limited brain blood supply can cause oxidative tissue damage to the affected brain area. Selenium particles can reduce this oxidative stress and associated cell death." This is because of nanoparticle effects The metabolism of nerve cells inhibits inflammation, and inflammation is the culprit of harmful effects. "This inflammation of the brain caused by stroke can lead to excessive accumulation of fluid, which leads to an increase in intracranial pressure (pressure in the skull) and clinical symptoms of stroke."
Intelligent nanoparticles
Mashaghi is passionate about this discovery: "This design of nanoparticles is unique because it is neuroprotective and safe. They are smart enough to sense and localize the ischemic brain area." To reduce side effects, It is vital to influence healthy areas of the brain or other organs. "Therefore, these nanoparticles are more advantageous than traditional drugs. They can be "programmed" specifically for the affected brain area, while conventional drugs are usually distributed throughout the body, contaminating all organs," Mashaghi said. Currently, therapeutic nanoparticles are still in the experimental stage. "However," Mashaghi said, "in the future, we will evaluate the efficacy of this new drug on patients."
Reference materials:
Hamed Amani eT al. Selenium nanoparTicles for TargeTed sTroke Therapy Through modulaTion of inflammaTory and meTabolic signaling, ScienTific ReporTs (2019). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42633-9
Lower limb Locking Plate
Lower Limb Locking plate is a kind of implant fracture orthopedics with locking thread holes.
The lower limb locking plate allows the bone to bind to the plate more firmly, so that the reduced limb is more stable. Locking plates were first used in spine and maxillofacial surgery 20 years ago to stabilize fractures while reducing extensive dissection and damage to soft tissues. When the threaded hole in the locking plate is screwed in by a screw with a threaded head, the plate becomes an Angle fixing device. It can have both locking and non-locking holes for different screws to be screwed in. Any plate that can be screwed into an Angle fixed (stable) screw or bolt is essentially a locking plate.
Locking plate system does not rely on bone friction to achieve connection, but completely depends on the interlocking structure of the plate itself. A certain gap between the plate and the bone surface can be left, which can eliminate the adverse effect of heavy pressure contact between the plate and bone, and greatly improve the blood supply and the growth and recovery of the periosteum. The main biomechanical difference from conventional plates is that the latter relies on friction at the bone-plate interface to accomplish plate compression on bone. Stability is maintained by an angularly stable interface between the screw and the plate. Because the locking internal fixator has a stable integrity, the pull-out force of the locking screw is much higher than that of the ordinary screw. It is difficult for a single screw to be pulled out or broken unless all the surrounding screws are pulled out or broken.
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