High-yield artificial cultivation techniques
Astragalus membranaceus is a kind of Chinese medicinal material. It has the functions of tonifying qi, solidifying, detoxifying and stimulating muscle. It has a very good market prospect in China. It has a strong health care effect, and it has a wide range of uses, and the demand for shopping malls is large. The price is relatively stable. In recent years, the number of wild jaundice has decreased. People started the experiment of artificial migration of Astragalus membranaceus, in which the improved cultivation technology of the county, the promotion of mechanized seedling transplanting technology, shortened the growth cycle of Astragalus membranaceus, advanced yield and quality, and the benefits were 2~3 times higher than those of some large crops. Below are detailed planting techniques. First, planting land According to the growth characteristics of Astragalus membranaceus, the sand-soil land block with deep soil layer, loose texture, good fatness, excellent gas permeability and strong drainage and water permeability is selected. The former grasshopper is best for wheat, corn and other grass crops. It takes more than 3 years. Second, the soil preparation In the late autumn or early spring, the soil is deepened by more than 30 cm. Deep tillage can thicken the living soil layer, mature the soil, enhance the soil water storage and moisture conservation, and advance the soil fertility, which is conducive to root growth and reduce the composition of lateral roots and "chicken claws". The fertilizer should be in accordance with the principle of one-time deep application. The 667 m2 before plowing the ground, apply 1 000 kg of organic fertilizer, and 70% of the fertilizer. Weeds with severe weeds, soil closure with 48% of Floroxol EC 200 ml per 667 m2, and 3 to 5 days after spraying herbicides, can be used to control the hazards of field weeds in the seedling stage. Third, cultivation methods There are two breeding methods for live broadcasting and seedling transplanting. The live broadcast method uses a large amount of seeds, irregular growth, long harvest period, affecting the quality of production and mining. Seedling transplanting can save land, plant growth after transplanting, excavation and labor saving, easy field treatment, regular growth of roots and stems, easy harvest, good product quality and high yield. Select seedlings According to the high-yield cultivation needs of Astragalus membranaceus, seedlings with a height of 30 cm or more, a root thickness of about 0.5 cm, little lateral roots, no damage, and no mildew should be selected. Good quality seedlings have a greater impact on yield and directly affect the cultivation benefits. 2. Transplanting The use of seedling transplanting technology has shortened the growth cycle of Astragalus. Transplanting is generally carried out in spring and autumn. The self-cultivation seedlings are generally planted in the middle and late October of the autumn, and the seedling time is together with the planting time or a few days earlier; the external seedlings are generally planted in spring, and are planted before the spring seedlings are sprouted (from the end of March to the beginning of April). In order to advance the production of scutellaria, 12 rows of scutellaria transplanters were used to ditch on the whole ground with a line spacing of 20 cm and a ditch depth of 10 cm. The scutellaria was thrown into the ditch in the first place, and each jaundice was 18 to 22 cm apart. Pay attention to the transplant spacing. 3. Reasonable close planting Reasonable close planting can advance the production of Astragalus membranaceus, generally 16,000 to 20,000 plants per 667 m2. Plots with good water and fertilizer conditions, soil fertility and nutrient content can be properly planted, and plots with poor water and fertilizer conditions and lack of nutrients can be appropriately planted. Fourth, field management Water and fertilizer treatment Reasonable water and fertilizer treatment can promote the rapid growth of the roots of Astragalus. The water consumption of Astragalus membranaceus seedlings is small. If the soil moisture is poor after transplanting, it should be dripped in time. In the case of foot planting, the water can be sprayed until the first water can be delayed to 10 cm. At the moment, it is the peak period of waterlogging required by Astragalus membranaceus, combined with drip and fertilization, and drip water once every 15 days, and need to pay attention to the amount of irrigation to prevent rotten roots and affect the yield and quality of scutellaria. 2. cultivating and weeding When the seedling height is 6~8 cm or the weed is 2~4 leaf stage, you can use the special herbicide of Astragalus to kill the grass, mix with 25% of the 2% herbicide water, and spray 30 kg of water on the stem and leaf. Annual grasses, broadleaf weeds and sedge weeds, when weeds are grown in the late stage, weeding with a special herbicide for Astragalus membranaceus, or manually removing weeds. 3. Foliar topdressing is applied at the early flowering stage and the pod-forming stage of the Astragalus membranaceus, 150 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per 667 m 2 or 667 m 2 with 150 ml of “micro-melon†organic water-soluble fertilizer, 30 kg of water evenly Spray. 4. Pest control 1 Powdery mildew is susceptible to morbidity under high temperature and humidity conditions from July to August. The primary site of the disease is covered with white powdery mildew, and the later stage is grayish white, which constitutes the leaves with yellow and early leaves. In the early stage of the disease, spraying with 50% carbendazim 800 times solution, and spraying once every 10 days, even spraying 2~3 times, can be used to control disease extension. 2 Aphids attack from June to August, which is the first to damage the buds and young leaves. The pests are grouped into leaves or stalks, and the sap is caused by multiple generations. It can be sprayed with imidacloprid 1500 times or fenvalerate 1 000 times. V. Harvesting According to the quality of Chinese herbal medicines and the requirements of shopping malls, the harvesting season is generally judged. Generally, the leaves of Astragalus membranaceus are harvested when they are yellow in the middle and late October, so the roots are fully grown, the content of useful components is high, and the yield of Astragalus is high. When harvesting, first remove the stalk of Astragalus membranaceus with a lawn mower and leave it for 2~3 cm. Then excavate with the sputum excavation machine, dig the medicinal material and scatter it on the ground. After manually picking up the pile, go to the net and sell it directly. You can also cut the roots. When the sun is six or seventy percent dry, the roots will be straight, tied into small pieces, and then dried for sale. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone feed additive enzymes,poultry feed enzymes,feed grade enzymes,feed enzymes for animal NANYANG CHENGPENG PHARMACEUTICAL CO.,LTD , https://www.cpbiopharmacy.com