Edible value of radish and cultivation techniques of dried seeds

The aliases Luo Luo, Dao Luo, etc. are native to China. The "Book of Songs" contains records of radishes, which are vegetables that are commonly eaten by the people. The folks have "October radish ginseng" and "Winter eat radish and summer eat ginger. The statement of "Bangan Kang throughout the year" shows the high value of its diet. There are many varieties of radish, including red skin, white skin, and red heart.

1 nutrition facts

16kCal per 100g calories, 0.5g protein, 0.2g fat, 3.1g sugar, dietary fiber 0.8g, carotene 0.02mg, folic acid 53μg, pantothenic acid 0.18mg, nicotinic acid 0.5mg, calcium 77mg, iron 0.3mg, phosphorus 25mg, Potassium 196mg, sodium 91.2mg, copper 0.03mg, magnesium 17mg, zinc 0.18mg, selenium 0.61μg, vitamin B10.02mg, vitamin B20.04mg, vitamin B60.07mg, vitamin C12mg, vitamin E0.92mg, vitamin K1μg, etc. Kinds of nutritional ingredients.

2 food value

2.1 Tonic effect

Traditional medicine believes that radish has the effects of resolving hot phlegm, lowering qi, broadening the middle, eliminating product stagnation, detoxifying, and treating food swollenness, phlegm, coughing, vomiting, dysentery, and migraine headaches. Radish has more cellulose and less calories, so it has a feeling of fullness after eating, which is very suitable for weight loss; the alcohol compounds contained in radish have antibacterial effects. Raw radish can refresh the body and quench thirst, clear the heat, eliminate fireworks and poisonous gas, help digestion and reduce phlegm and relieve asthma; when cooked, it has the effect of digesting and strengthening the spleen.

2.2 How to eat

There are many ways to cook radishes, which can be eaten raw, fried, boiled, or pickled. Some nutrients in radish will be destroyed when the temperature exceeds 70 ° C, so raw food is suitable.

2.3 should not eat

Most people can eat it. (1) Snake meat and radish should not be eaten together. (2) People who participate in raw radish medicinal drugs should not eat together. (3) Carrots are supplements, and radishes are main diarrhea. It is not appropriate to eat them together. If eaten together, they can be mixed with vinegar. (4) Oranges and radishes should not be eaten together. (5) Radishes are cold, threatened abortion, simple goiter and other patients should not eat.

Radish is one of the main crops in Xiaoshan District. The annual planting (replanting) area is more than 800hm², and the dried radish is nearly 667hm², accounting for more than 80%. The dried seeds are actually "one size fits all" radishes, also known as "dried seeds". It is called "one-size-fits-all" because the length of the fleshy roots of this variety is similar to that of a farm kitchen knife. It is named after cutting just two halves vertically. "One-size-fits-all" has the characteristics of strong meat, full white skin, low water content, and thick skin. "One-size-fits-all" plants are 30—35 cm high, with small and upright leaves. Each plant has 12—15 leaves, 18—32 cm in length, and 7—8 cm in width. The leaf edge is wavy, the fleshy roots are short cylindrical, the lateral roots are obvious, the skin color is all white, 13-17 cm in length, 4-5 cm in diameter, half exposed on the soil surface, and the single weight is 100-150 g. Hi cold, suitable for autumn and winter cultivation.

3 cultivation techniques

3.1 Base selection and application of basic fertilizer

Select the plots with fertile soil, good drainage, deep soil layer, sandy loam soil and 2-3 years of no cruciferous crops. After the previous crop was harvested, the land was thoroughly turned over. 667m² of organic fertilizer 1500kg + high-concentration compound fertilizer 80kg.

3.2 timely sowing

According to the local temperature conditions and the temperature suitability of the variety, the * sowing date is around September 10, and the lateness must not exceed the "autumn equinox". The 667m² sowing is about 1500g, and the seeding amount is relatively small, about 1000g. After sowing, cover with thin soil and apply 100kg of wool ash per 667m². In order to facilitate emergence, stepping seeds (suppression) should be promoted. After sowing, weeds were sprayed with 100 ml Shitian makeup water spray.

3.3 Seedling management

And time seedlings, reasonable seedlings. The seedlings grow quickly after being unearthed. It takes time to grow the seedlings, otherwise it will cause crowding and shading, poor lighting, and formation of thin, elongated seedlings. Only early seedlings and late seedlings can ensure that the whole seedlings are strong. Thinning seedlings are generally divided into two times, and are performed in 1-leaf and 1-leaf stage and 2-leaf and 1-leaf stage. The thinning, disease, deformity, and hybrid seedlings do not have the characteristics of the original variety. Its seedling distance is controlled at 10cm × 10cm.

3.4 Field Management

3.4.1 Lightly apply fixed root fertilizer and heavy application with broken belly fertilizer. The base fertilizer is mainly supplemented by topdressing, that is, the base fertilizer accounts for 2/3 of the total fertilization. The topdressing is applied in stages before the radish is growing. The first and second top dressings were fixed root fertilizers, which were applied after two seedlings, and 1000 kg of 30% decomposed human feces were applied every 667 m². At this stage, fertilization should be applied to make the leaves grow vigorously to supply the nutrients needed for fleshy root hypertrophy. Usually 10 days after the belly is broken, 8kg of compound fertilizer is applied, and it is advisable to apply it sooner or later. When the radish is growing, apply potassium fertilizers such as plant ash, and sprinkle it on the field after watering, about 100kg / 667m². 20 days before harvesting, the fertilizer and water should be stopped to promote the radish tissue to be full and improve the drying rate.

3.4.2 Water management. Radishes need enough water throughout the growing season. If the water is insufficient, the yield is low, the skin is thick, the meat is hard, the spicy taste is increased, and bitterness is produced. Water the soil thoroughly before sowing, and the soil moisture content should be above 80% to ensure rapid and uniform emergence. At the seedling stage, the root system is shallow, the lateral roots are few, and the drought resistance is weak. Watering should be timely in case of drought, but it is generally not watered or less watered before breaking the white, in order to inhibit the growth of lateral roots and promote straight roots to penetrate into the soil layer. In rainy weather, timely ditch drainage to reduce groundwater level and prevent waterlogged mycorrhizal roots.

3.4.3 Disease prevention and treatment. The diseases of radish mainly include virus disease, downy mildew, soft rot, and black rot. To prevent and control these diseases, field management should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of disease. In combination with agricultural control, pesticide control should be carried out at the beginning of the disease. Insect pests are mainly aphids, cabbage worms, vegetable pupae, and diamondback moth, which can be controlled by pesticides.

3.4.4 Timely harvesting. The "sun-dried" radish should be harvested in mid-late December. The harvest is too late, the radish is aging or frost-damaged. It is easy to produce hard and peeled stalks during processing, which reduces the quality of the finished product. Early harvest, high moisture content and low drying rate.

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