Badlands grow "bio-oil"
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On the one hand, the land on the beach is deserted because of the high salinity and alkaline components. On the other side, the oil resources are increasingly depleted and the dependence on oil imports is increasing. Two irrelevant things were combined by scientists. Recently, as a national scientific research project, the admiral of the Department of Life Science of NTU, and Associate Professor He Xiaoxiang successfully processed “biodiesel†from salt-tolerant oil plants. This is the first time in this field in China. Oil volume: The global emergency He Jixiang told reporters that according to the world's proven oil reserves and extraction rates, the global oil supply can only be maintained for 40.6 years, and global oil resources are declining. In Saudi Arabia, which has the most abundant oil reserves, the water content in oil extraction is getting higher and higher. In China, oil production and consumption have continued to grow since the mid-1980s, and per capita oil resources are 17.1% of the world average. In the period of about 10 years in the 1990s, the average annual growth rate of crude oil production in China was only 1.8%, but the average growth rate of oil consumption reached 4.9%, making it the fastest growing oil consumer in the world. In 2000, China imported 69.6 million tons of crude oil, and the dependence on oil imports reached 31%, exceeding the warning line. In 2004, China imported 120 million tons of crude oil, and the import dependency was nearly 40%. The import growth rate was the fastest in four years. . New directions: The search for alternative energy experts expects that by 2020, China’s net oil imports will reach 240-360 million tons, and the import dependency will increase to 60%-70%. Therefore, the search for alternative fuels has become an increasingly urgent global issue. He Xiaoxiang said that at present, large-scale development of oil plants to produce "biodiesel" is one of the main directions for scientists around the world. He said that the main chemical constituents of biodiesel are fatty acid methyl esters (or ethyl esters), which are oil crops such as soybeans and rapeseeds, oil trees such as oil palm and berberine, engineering microalgae, and other aquatic plants and animal fats and oils. The products of the “oil exchange†of oil and methanol (or ethanol) esters, such as oil from the foot of a factory, and waste oil from restaurants, etc. According to the combustion performance comparison experiment conducted abroad, He Xiaoxiang introduced to reporters that biodiesel is an oxygen-containing, essentially sulfur-free and aromatic hydrocarbon, clean and environmentally friendly, with properties similar to petrochemical diesel, safer for storage and transportation, and excellent in lubricating properties. The "green" renewable fuels are the most promising alternative energy sources for fossil fuels. New ideas: The use of fuel plant He Jixiang said that many scientists have set foot in biodiesel research. However, he believes that oil plant cultivation cannot compete with humans for “sites,†so NTU experts have chosen to plant oil plants on barren hills and badlands. And saline ground. He Shuxiang said that with the intensification of land desertification and deterioration, the situation of land salinization in China is also very serious. He said that the total area of ​​various types of salted land in China is close to 100 million hectares, of which nearly 20 million hectares are in coastal saline soil and about 3 million hectares in saline soil. China's rivers of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River, the Pearl River, the Liaohe River, and the Haihe River bring about 1.5 billion tons of silt in the intertidal zone every year. This expands the area along the beach and covers an area of ​​about 20,000 to 30,000 hectares annually. Coastal saline soil is the most important land reserve resource. This time, due to the introduction of high-yield, oil- and salt-tolerant species, the experts selected the “seashore mallow†as the research object and passed over 10 years of salt soil in Nanjing, Lianyungang, Yancheng and other places. The experiment was finally "pressed" out of biodiesel this spring, September 13th. After scientific and technical appraisal, the components contained in these oils can be completely burned, and the following expert door will do the experiment of burning performance. There are 1,554 species of oil plants in China, but they can grow on saline soil and produce less than 5% of productivity. After years of research at the Harmonic Plant Research Office of Nanjing University, the salt-tolerant plants were screened for resource development. Saline Soil Renewable Energy Plant Grain Yield and Oil Content Per Mu Grain Kernel Oil Content (%) Grain Kernel 240kg About> 20 Waterside Mallow 150kg About> 20 Oil Shadou Mush Production Tuber 1000kg> 30 Papaya Yield 2500kg, Grain Near 150kg >30 Soda Valley 300kg >20