Improve the production performance of dairy cows to grasp four main links
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1 Prevention and treatment of infertility According to the survey, the incidence of infertility in dairy cows is generally 30% to 40%. Therefore, the occurrence of infertility prevention and control is a problem that cannot be ignored in dairy cows. First of all, it is necessary to prevent dairy cow cysts. In the event of ovarian cysts, luteinizing hormone should be injected intramuscularly, 100-200 units per injection per head, once every other day, and 1 to 2 consecutive injections to make the wall thinner. The cure rate can reach 85%. Conception rate can be Up to 90%. Secondly, to prevent and treat corpus luteum cysts, the female steaks should be protected from unfavorable factors such as being beaten, scared, and feed worsening. Once the corpus luteum cysts intramuscular injection follicle maturation hormone 100 ~ 200 units, so that the progesterone secretion of the corpus luteum does not work. Every 3 to 4 days injection once, even 2 to 3 times, or injection of prostaglandin 3 ~ 5mg, one can be. The third is to prevent and reduce ovarian function. Intramuscular follicle-stimulating hormone can be 100 to 200 units once a day, even for 2 to 3 times, or intramuscular injection of estradiol 4 to 5 mg, and the second natural estrus match. At the same time, strengthen feeding and management, maintain diversification of feed, maintain superior sensation, supplement green feed, strengthen exercise, and observe carefully, and find that estrus is bred in time to prevent misfit. Fourth, we must prevent and treat cervicitis and metritis. Artificial insemination should be clean and canceled. For acute metritis, the uterus is washed with 1% saline 500-1000 ml (temperature 30-40°C), the liquid is poured into the uterus, and the last washing liquid is clear; the liquid is discharged 20-30 minutes later. Injected into each of the 1 million units of green and chain toxin, dilute with 20 to 30 ml of normal saline, and introduce it with a clean catheter once a day for 3 to 4 consecutive days. For chronic metritis, first wash with 1% saline 500 ~ 1000 ml (temperature 30 ~ 40 degrees Celsius), 20-30 minutes after the liquid is discharged into the uterus and then into the uterus into iodine glycerol (2% iodine 1 part, glycerin 3 ~ 4 Parts) 3 to 5 ml, usually once every other day, 1 to 2 times. 2 to improve the conception rate First of all, the implementation of frozen sperm breeding cows, we should pay attention to choose the best insemination site, that is, semen directly to the follicle development side of the uterine horn, or in the Palace of the Department of insemination, or use Early one-time insemination. Second, touch follicular development, timely insemination. The third application of tube frozen body thawing, that is, after the fine tube frozen sperm from the liquid nitrogen tank, with a layer of cream to inseminate the cow. The fourth is to strengthen sperm vitality check, without using inferior cold frozen essence. For cows with metritis, vaginitis, trichomoniasis, genital tract mycoplasma and other reproductive tract diseases, early detection and early prevention and treatment are necessary to increase the conception rate. On the fifth day of insemination and on the 5th to 6th days, vitamin A was used as the basis for the use of 57.5 million international units of vitamin A, 3.1 million international units of vitamin B, and 50 mg of vitamin E. Or intramuscular injection of oxytocin 40 international units 5 to 7 minutes after insemination. The six pairs of estrus delayed ovulation and immature follicle development of cows, before insemination with progesterone 40 ~ 60mg intramuscular injection or in the insemination of cows 10 days with progesterone 60mg intramuscular injection. In the seventh, 15 to 20 minutes before insemination, young cows were injected with 1 mg of glutamic acid, and cows were injected with 1.5 mg of pyroglutamic acid. Eight cows were given intramuscular injection of 10-20 μg gonadotropin or 100 μg of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue before insemination. Nine pairs of estrus cows were inseminated twice and injected with 0.5% neostigmine 2 ml 15 to 20 minutes before repeated insemination. The above methods can significantly improve the conception rate of dairy cows. At the same time, the strengthening of feeding and management and the strengthening of scientific feeding measures will greatly increase the rate of conception of high cows. 3 Strengthen the management of postpartum management Dairy cows should be fed about 15 kilograms of warm bran, salt, and calcium porridge (1 to 2 kg of bran, 100 to 150 g of salt, and 50 g of calcium carbonate), while feeding high quality, soft and tender hay. ~ 2 kg, to warm the abdomen, increase hunger to increase abdominal pressure, in order to facilitate the discharge of fetal clothing and physical recovery. Secondly, the cows should be started as soon as possible after delivery to reduce bleeding and facilitate genital resettlement. To prevent the uterus from escaping, the cow can be pulled for about 15 minutes, and gradually increase the amount of exercise. The three cows do not fall off after more than 24 hours postpartum, and should be treated as tire retention. If the placenta falls off, within a few days only see dense transparent secretions and not see dark red liquid lochia discharge, should be promptly treated to prevent postpartum sepsis or sub-government inflammation and other diseases. In the first few days after the fourth high-yield cow, the control and regulation of blood circulation and mammary gland activity in the breast were all in normal state. The swelling of the breast and the internal pressure were also high. At this time, the principle should be adhered to: the first day after birth is only squeezed. About 2 kilograms of milk, enough calves can suckle. If all is squeezed cleanly, it will cause the breast microvascular leakage phenomenon to increase, blood calcium, blood glucose loss, further exacerbate breast edema, causing high-yield dairy cows postpartum paralysis. The amount of l/3 milk each time was squeezed on the second day after delivery, and 1/2 of the amount of milk was squeezed on the third day. After the fourth day, it can be squeezed. This is not necessary for low-producing cows and postpartum breasts without edema, and can be squeezed on the first day after calving. The five pairs of cows with severe postpartum breast edema should fully massage the breasts after each milking and heat for 5 to 10 minutes (using warm magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate saturated solution is best) to promote the early disappearance of breast edema. The six postpartum also fed warm motherwort brown sugar water (Motherwort 500 grams, add water 10 kilograms of fried agent and add brown sugar 500 grams), 1 or 2 times a day, and even served 2 to 3 days to promote lochia net and postpartum The child officer is restored. 4 Grasp the lactation during the mid- and late-term period of 15 to 20 days to two months (high-yielding dairy cows to three months), milk production can maintain the highest peak of the lactation period, that is, the prolific period of lactation. All favorable conditions should be created to raise the standard of feeding 15% to 20%, and to promote the increase of milk production. Generally, it can take effect within 3 to 5 days. If milk production continues to rise, it can be increased by 15% to 20% until the milk production no longer rises. When the peak period is reached, more attention should be paid to the balance of various Nutrients, insisting on the use of green and blue succulent feed, feeding 40 to 50 kilograms of barley fodder each day, and on the basis of this, 4 kilograms of concentrate material, each producing 1 kilogram of milk, given Mix 0.2 kg of concentrate until 1 to 1.5 kg of fine material per 100 kg of body weight. During the subtilis period, 7-9 kg of high-quality hay, 20-25 kg of silage, and 20 kg of sweet and sour carrots can be fed. During the procreative period of lactation, attention should be paid to the volume of feed, the palatability and digestive ability of dairy cows, and the rational use of rations according to the characteristics of dairy cows to fully supply drinking water and strengthen breast massage and brushing work. During the mid-lactating period, from the end of lactation to the end of lactation, the milk production of dairy cows decreased during this period, but the feed intake was still large. If the concentrate is too high, it may lead to fat deposition and affect milk production and reproduction. Therefore, green roughage should be increased, refined concentrates should be reduced, exercise volume should be increased, and drinking water should be fully provided to slow down the rate of lactation decline.