Broilers that have been defrosted and raised until 165 days of age are commonly referred to as "chickens." These birds can be categorized into two main types based on their purpose: those raised for consumption (meat production) and those used for breeding. Each category requires different management practices and feeding strategies.
For broiler chickens, it's most effective to use a complete, nutritionally balanced commercial feed to promote rapid weight gain. Alternatively, homemade feed can also be used, with a recommended formula including: 57.7% corn, 14% wheat bran, 18% soybean meal, 6% fish meal, 2% bone meal, 2% limestone powder, and 0.3% salt. When raising broilers in an outdoor or free-range environment, it's important to supplement their diet in the morning and evening, allowing them unrestricted access to food and clean water. If no supplemental feed is available, the ratio of green feed to other ingredients should be 1:1. Maintaining proper temperature, humidity, and lighting throughout the growing period is essential for optimal health and growth.
The stocking density should be adjusted according to the age of the birds. For chickens aged 31–60 days, the density should be around 12–15 per square meter, while for those aged 61–90 days, it should be reduced to 10–12 per square meter. Using an "all-in, all-out" system helps maintain hygiene and reduce disease risk.
For reserve (layer) chickens, feeding should be controlled to ensure proper development without overfeeding. This involves limiting both the quantity and quality of feed, while ensuring continuous access to clean water. Grouping is also important—each group should consist of 150–200 birds. The breeding density should be kept at 6–8 per square meter. Light exposure should be maintained at 8 hours per day to support egg production. Regular exercise is necessary to keep the chickens healthy and active.
Insect control is another key aspect of managing reserve chickens. Maggots should be treated every 70 days, and pests such as locusts, aphids, and flukes should be controlled once a month. Insecticides like repellent nets, insecticide sprays, and other approved products can be used, but strict adherence to the manufacturer’s instructions is crucial to avoid harm to the flock.
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