Although summer is typically a season of heavy rainfall, it can also bring unpredictable weather patterns, such as periods of drought followed by sudden rain. This fluctuation makes it essential to irrigate seedlings promptly during dry spells. During the rapid growth phase, seedlings should be watered frequently and thoroughly with each irrigation. However, in the later stages of growth, irrigation is generally unnecessary unless extreme dryness occurs. Before the rainy season begins, all drainage systems in the nursery must be properly dug and maintained to ensure effective water runoff and support healthy seedling development. In case of flooding, ditches should be cleared immediately to remove standing water and debris, and seedlings should be carefully repositioned so that water can drain freely, helping them regain vitality.
Weeding is common in nurseries during the summer. After every irrigation or rainfall, weeding and soil loosening should be carried out. The principle of "weeding early, weeding small, and weeding completely" should be followed. Soil loosening should gradually increase in depth while ensuring that the roots are not damaged or compressed. For seedlings that are spaced apart, hand-pulling weeds is more effective than mechanical loosening. A thin layer of fine soil should be spread on the surface of the seedbed to prevent root exposure and promote better growth.
Some tree species may develop lateral shoots and side roots during the seedling stage due to environmental and genetic factors, which can hinder the development of strong, straight seedlings. To address this, timely removal of buds and shoots is necessary to reduce lateral root growth and improve seedling quality.
During the summer, quick-release fertilizers can be applied between the rows of seedlings. The furrows should be dug to an appropriate depth, and fertilizer should be placed in the trench before covering it with soil. Top-dressing should be done when the seedlings begin to grow lateral roots, preferably after 3 p.m. Avoid applying concentrated fertilizer directly on young shoots. Different seedling types have different timing for top-dressing—conifers should stop fertilizing 30 days before the end of their growing season, while broadleaf species should be fertilized before the onset of autumn.
Pest and disease control is crucial as seedlings grow. Pests and diseases can threaten seedlings at any time. Prevention is key, so regular monitoring and forecasting of potential threats should be conducted. Any existing pests or diseases should be addressed promptly to avoid further damage.
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