Physiological Features and Immune Measures of Young Brooders
Yellow Back Fungus,Wood Ear,Black Wood Ear Elites-United Foodstuff Co., Ltd. , http://www.qdiqfvegetables.com
Physiological characteristics
1.1 Young chicks have a strong metabolism and fast growth. Egg-type chicks have a two-week weight of about two times their initial weight. It is 10 times at 6 weeks of age and 15 times at 8 weeks of age. The growth of chicks gradually decreases with age and grows fastest with the first 5 weeks of age. Therefore, a nutritious diet must be fed to meet growth needs.
1.2 Young chicks have small gastrointestinal volume and poor digestive function: young chicks have short digestive tracts and limited food storage. Moreover, due to the lack of certain digestive enzymes in the digestive tract and low ability to grind foods in the stomach and stomach, the digestive power is poor. Therefore, feed quality must be paid attention to, and low feed, easily digestible feeds should be fed.
1.3 Young chicks have low resistance to cold, and their body temperature regulation ability is not perfect: The body temperature of newborn chicks is low, only about 39 °C. On the 4th day of age, it began to rise and reached the temperature of the adult chicken until 10-15 days of age. Moreover, the body temperature regulation function is not perfect and the pile insulation performance is poor. Therefore, the cold resistance is low, especially in 1 week old chicks, which is particularly sensitive to temperature. After 1 week old, the villi are gradually replaced with feathers with better insulation properties. The body temperature regulation function is gradually improved around the age of 3 weeks, so during the brooding period, proper temperature should be provided for the normal growth and development of the chicks.
1.4 Baby chicks have strong sensitivity and poor resistance to disease. Young chicks are small and delicate, and they are vulnerable to various harmful microorganisms in the external environment and infect various diseases. Therefore, attention should be paid to sanitization and timely vaccination.
1.5 The chicks are timid and frightened, so they should maintain a quiet environment.
2. Immunization measures
2.1 New City Vaccination The first immunization is conducted on 7-10 days or 10-15 days of age. The Newcastle disease II line is used to instill nasal drops (or eye drops). After 20 days, the II-type vaccine is again used as nasal instillation. By the age of 3 months, Newcastle disease I strains were intramuscularly injected. The age at which the first immunization should be performed depends on the disappearance of maternal antibodies in the chicks. For breeders vaccinated with I-type vaccines, chicks hatched from eggs produced by them have maternal antibodies in their bodies. Most maternal antibodies are reduced or disappeared by the age of 10 to 14 days. If such chicks have passed, Early inoculation of the II-type vaccine will be neutralized by maternal antibodies, making the immune effect unreliable, so the breeder will be vaccinated with the I-type vaccine and the chicks produced should be first exempted from 10 to 14 days of age. At present, in some areas and chicken farms, monitoring methods are adopted to increase the immune effect of Newcastle disease, that is, the optimal immunization time is determined according to the antibody titer in chickens.
2.2 Coccidiosis Control
Chicks from 15 to 45 days are susceptible to coccidiosis. Coccidiosis mainly occurs because chicks eat the sporulated oocysts of coccidia, so it is important that the environment be kept dry. Drugs for prevention and control can be used 0.0125% to 0.025% of the ball spirit, mixed in the feed, from the 15th day of age, even fed 30 to 45 days. It is best to use two anticoccidial drugs alternately to avoid coccidiosis resistance.
2.3 Marek's disease, chicken pox and other prevention should be based on the regional epidemic. One-day-old chicks were injected subcutaneously with 0.2 ml of Marek’s vaccine. Fowl pox can be vaccinated with vaccines from 1 to 60 days or 2 to 4 months of age. Thorn species can be seeded subcutaneously at 1 to 2 under avascular sites on the inside of chicken wings.