Schisandra chinensis high-yielding cultivation technology
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First, the election site preparation
1. Seedlings with loose and fertile soil, well-drained water, and lands near water sources should be fine. After plowing, they should be smashed to make rakes 15 centimeters high and 120 to 150 centimeters wide. Kilograms, mixed evenly with the bed soil, flattened the dough and waited for sowing.
2, the choice of planting sites fertile soil, deep soil, well-drained, close to the water, the slope is less than 15 degrees of land for planting, 0.8 meters can be digging a distance of 1.1 meters to wait for planting can be.
Second, nursery transplanting
1. Seedlings sown must be treated with seeds of their own, otherwise they will not grow. The method of seed treatment is: soak the fruit harvested in the current year with warm water at room temperature, remove the pulp, wash out the seeds, rinse the grains, mix with 3 times the wet sand, and put it under the outdoor natural insulation layering treatment. After thawing in spring, it is transplanted into the room and continued to be layered until most of the embryos are mature and ready for sowing.
The treated seeds are planted in the middle and early May. The trenches are sown at 15 cm intervals and covered with about 2 cm of soil. After a slight repression, the cover grass moisturizes and keeps the seeding rate at 7.5 g/m2.
3 to 4 weeks after sowing, the seedlings can be emerged. When the seedlings emerge, the cover grass should be promptly removed, and the high and simple sheds should be taken (removed in late August). The seedlings should be hacked and sparsely seedlings, when the seedlings grow to 3-4 slices. When the leaves are planted by 5-7 cm in spacing, when the seedlings are 10-15 cm high and have 5-10 leaves, they can be transplanted.
2. Transplanting and transplanting are carried out in the dormant periods of spring and autumn. According to the spacing of 80 centimeters and 110 centimeters for digging, the depth of the hole is 30 centimeters, and the diameter is 60 centimeters. Apply 3 kilograms of agricultural fertilizer to each hole, and plant the seedlings with soil and mix well. When planting, the root system should be stretched, and after planting, it should be practical and watered.
Wild schisandra can also be used to reproduce the ramets, and the seedlings can be dug directly from the ground. The roots should be kept more than 1 meter long. The rhizomes should be plated in the burrows, and the mulching should be solid and well-watered.
Third, field management
1. After transplanting and planting, the main stem of the plant should be erected for climbing. The stent is divided into a natural stent and an artificial stent. The natural stent is the living body of the original woody plant. The artificial support is a man-made wooden stake. Every 50 centimeters, a horizontal wire is pulled high and the vine is tied to the wire.
2, weeding, top dressing, irrigation timely control of weeds, top dressing twice a year, the first time in mid-May, late, each chase ammonium sulfate, diammonium 25 grams each, the second time in July, mid-July, each Diabetic diammonium 50 grams, in order to help increase production, in the dry season should be timely watering to keep the soil moist, in order to promote the flowering results, reduce the falling flowers.
3, pruning and trimming to adjust the nutrition of plants, short fruit branches should be left, no flowers or short fruit branches only cut off all the fruit, basal branches should be kept 3-4 robust branches in order to update year by year, and properly cut tip, reduce nutrients over More consumption.
4. Diseases and Insect Pests The disease of Schisandra chinensis is mainly leaf blight, which occurs from May to July each year. The control methods are:
(1) Strengthen field management, pay attention to ventilation and light transmission.
(2) The diseased leaf was found, and the concentrated burn was immediately removed.
(3) spraying protection 15-20 days before onset. Spray 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture, spray once every 7-10 days, even spray 3-4 times.
5, harvesting and cultivation of the North Schisandra three years of flowering results, five years into the full fruit period, when the fruit becomes red when harvesting drying, careful not to damage the shoots when harvesting.