At present, most pig farmers use two main feeding methods. One is the "hanging shelf" approach, which was commonly used in the early stages of pig farming. Initially, a large amount of green and roughage feeds were provided, while the amount of concentrated feed was kept low. Once the pigs reached 50 to 60 kilograms, high-energy concentrates were introduced to accelerate growth. Although this method makes use of plenty of green and fibrous feeds, it lacks sufficient protein and minerals needed during the growing phase, leading to a feeding period that often lasts over a year. This results in wasted feed and inefficient resource use.
The other method is the "one-stop" system, where pigs are fed the same diet from weaning until slaughter. This significantly reduces the feeding time and lowers overall feed costs. However, it fails to make full use of the abundant green and roughage feeds available in rural areas, which limits its economic benefits and environmental sustainability.
To address these issues, a new feeding method called "pour-feeding" has been developed. This approach takes into account the natural growth patterns and nutritional needs of pigs at different stages. In the early stage, when pigs are under 50-60 kilograms, the diet is rich in energy and protein, with a focus on high-quality concentrates, along with essential additives and a small portion of green and coarse feeds. As the pigs grow into the mid-phase, the concentrate is gradually reduced, and more green and roughage feeds are introduced. The ideal ratio is 60% concentrate, 25% green feed, and 15% roughage.
This method not only shortens the overall feeding cycle but also maximizes the use of locally available green feeds, reducing reliance on expensive concentrates. By doing so, it improves both the efficiency and profitability of pig farming, making it a more sustainable and economically viable option for farmers.
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