Due to the limited feeding of spring-fed ducklings, insufficient provision of green feed, improper processing and storage of feed, and the reduction in vitamin A content caused by oxidation and rancidity, ducklings under 50 days old are highly prone to vitamin A deficiency. Affected ducks appear weak, thin, with disheveled feathers, nasal discharge, breathing difficulties, and an inability to move properly. They may experience muscle cramps, uncoordinated gait, and eventually develop a soft or paralyzed palate, which turns pale yellow. Their growth is significantly slowed or even halted. In severe cases, the eyes sink, leading to blindness and, in some instances, death.
To prevent this condition, it's essential to provide high-quality compound feeds during the spring season. Additionally, ensure that vitamin A-rich foods such as carrots, spinach, pumpkins, fresh green feed, and cod liver oil are regularly included in their diet. It's also important to handle and store feed properly to prevent spoilage and loss of nutrients due to oxidation.
For treatment, administer 0.2–0.5 ml of cod liver oil per duckling, three times a day. Alternatively, add 1,000–1,500 international units of vitamin A per kilogram of feed. For individual sick ducklings, a single intramuscular injection of 0.5 ml of cod liver oil can be effective. Adult female ducks should receive 1–1.5 ml of cod liver oil daily for three consecutive days to achieve better recovery results. Early intervention is crucial to improve survival rates and promote healthy development.
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