Turtle breeding bait feeding technical points
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Turtles have a diverse diet and can be fed with a variety of food sources. Their feeding options are typically divided into three main categories: animal-based feed, plant-based feed, and mixed feed. In some regions, quail or fish feed is also used to supplement turtle diets, and this has proven to be quite effective.
1. **Animal Feed**: Turtles benefit greatly from animal-based foods such as crickets, silkworms, snails, mealworms, small fish, and shellfish. Animal by-products like pig blood, organ meats, and insects (which can be caught using black lights at night) are also suitable. It's important to ensure that the food is fresh and not spoiled. Avoid feeding turtles dead fish or shrimp that may have been contaminated with pesticides or diseased animals. Long-term consumption of high-fat foods should also be avoided. Before feeding, all animal-based food should be chopped into small pieces for easier digestion.
2. **Plant Feed**: The range of plant-based foods is broad. Local resources can be utilized to feed turtles, including soybean cake, peanut cake, corn, sorghum, wheat, rice, and millet. Fruits and vegetables like pumpkins, watermelon rinds, apple peels, duckweed, grasses, and potatoes can also be offered. Hard vegetables should be soaked in water before feeding, and if possible, cooked to make them more digestible. Bulk plant-based feed should be cut into smaller portions before being given to the turtles.
3. **Mixed Feed**: Mixed feeds provide balanced nutrition and are often formulated based on the turtle’s life stage—juvenile, sub-adult, or adult. Although research into turtle feed formulations is ongoing, there are standard recipes available:
- **Juvenile Turtle Feed**: 77% fishmeal, 2% brewer’s yeast, 18% α-starch, 1% blood meal, 1% multivitamin, 1% mineral salt.
- **Sub-Adult Turtle Feed**: 70% fishmeal, 5% silkworm powder, 1% brewer’s yeast, 20% α-starch, 1% blood meal, 1% multivitamin, 1% mineral salt.
- **Adult Turtle Feed Formula 1**: 70% fishmeal, 22% α-potato starch, 3% brewer’s yeast, 1% multivitamin, 3% dicalcium phosphate, 1% mineral salt.
- **Adult Turtle Feed Formula 2**: 67% fishmeal, 2% glutathione, 3% brewer’s yeast, 22% α-potato starch, 4.4% soybean cake protein (50%), 1% multivitamin, 0.3% choline chloride (50%), 0.3% mineral salt.
**Feeding Practices**: The amount and frequency of feeding depend on seasonal water temperatures. During summer, when temperatures are high, offer more protein-rich food. In autumn, when it's cooler, slightly higher fat content is beneficial. From spring until mid-April, feed once daily between 8–9 AM, with the portion size ranging from 5% to 10% of the turtle’s body weight (including water content). Starting in May, feed twice a day—at 9 AM and 3 PM. When summer temperatures exceed 33°C, feed in the late afternoon, around 5–10 PM, with the amount reaching up to 7%–10% of the turtle’s total weight. As the weather cools down near the autumn equinox, reduce feeding amounts slightly. During these periods, feeding once a day is sufficient. For dry mixed feed, the recommended quantity is about 3% of the turtle’s total weight. Always ensure that food is consumed within two hours after being served, and adjust the next day’s portion based on what was eaten.