The working principle and application characteristics of steam generator

I. Overview of the steam generator

A steam generator is a mechanical device that uses heat from fuel or other energy sources to heat water into hot water or steam. Here, the special emphasis on the dry cleaners is generally small, the pressure is 1-10, the working effective pressure is 2-4, and the water loading is about 6 liters - 50 liters. 95% is electric heating, generally 3KW, with corresponding power increase of the stain removing station, portrait machine, steam heating type dry cleaning machine. The original meaning of the pot refers to the water container heated on the fire. The furnace refers to the place where the fuel is burned. The boiler includes two parts of the pot and the furnace. The hot water or steam generated in the boiler can directly supply the heat energy needed for industrial production and people's life. It can also be converted into mechanical energy by steam power plant, or converted into electrical energy by a generator. The boiler that supplies hot water is called a hot water boiler, and is mainly used for living, and there are also a small number of applications in industrial production. Steam generators are called steam boilers, often referred to as boilers, and are used in thermal power plants, ships, locomotives, and industrial and mining enterprises.

Second, the working principle of the steam generator

In the water vapor system, the feed water is heated to a certain temperature in the heater, enters the economizer through the water supply pipe, is further heated, and then sent to the drum, mixed with the pot water, and then descends along the down pipe to the water wall inlet header. The water absorbs the radiant heat of the furnace in the water wall tube to form a steam-water mixture, and reaches the drum through the riser tube, and the water and steam are separated by the steam-water separation device. The separated saturated steam flows from the upper part of the drum to the superheater, continues to absorb heat to become superheated steam at 450 ° C, and is sent to the steam turbine. In terms of combustion and flue gas systems, the blower sends air to the air preheater to a certain temperature. The pulverized coal that has been ground to a certain degree in the coal mill is carried by the hot air from the air preheater through the burner into the furnace. The mixture of pulverized coal and air ejected from the burner is mixed with the rest of the hot air in the furnace to burn a large amount of heat. The hot flue gas after combustion flows through the furnace, the condensate tube bundle, the superheater, the economizer and the air preheater, and then passes through the dust removing device to remove the fly ash, and finally is sent to the chimney by the induced draft fan to discharge to the atmosphere.

Third, the application of steam generator

The heat of fuel sent to the boiler, in addition to the part that is effectively utilized, is lost in various forms, including: heat loss from the exhaust; carbon dioxide, hydrogen and methane from unburned exhaust gases. Incomplete combustion heat loss; incomplete combustion heat loss and heat loss caused by unburned carbon contained in fly ash, slag and grate leakage. In order to assess performance and improve design, boilers are often subjected to heat balance tests. The method of directly calculating the thermal efficiency of boilers from the effective use of energy is called positive balance, and the method of calculating efficiency from various heat losses is called counterbalance. When considering the actual benefits of the boiler room, it is necessary to consider not only the boiler thermal efficiency but also the energy consumed by the boiler auxiliary machine.

Fourth, the characteristics of the steam generator

Minimize the fineness of pulverized coal while ensuring the output of the flour. Appropriately reduce the primary air pressure to increase the primary air temperature as much as possible. Ensure sufficient secondary air volume. The intermediate air baffle opening is appropriately opened while the combustion is kept stable to sufficiently mix the wind powder. Under the condition of ensuring steam temperature, steam pressure and load, the rotation speed of the upper layer feeding machine is appropriately reduced, and the rotation speed of the lower layer feeding machine is increased. Appropriately increase the temperature of the powder pulverized coal. As far as possible, avoid the occurrence of coal and coal breakage in the milling system, ensure the stability of the operation of the milling system, maintain reasonable ventilation and reduce the air volume.