Pesticide knowledge
When the author went to the countryside, he often saw farmers' friends buying pesticides. What the traders used for anything but price, but never asked other people. This often results in wastage of human and financial resources, and even poisoning and drug damage. To this end, I will introduce some little knowledge about pesticides to farmers' friends.
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First, the pesticide label: generally includes eight aspects, must see the label content when buying.
(1) Labeling: Including name (commodity name, Chinese common name of active ingredient), content, dosage form (D usually denotes powder in the label, WP denotes wettable powder, EC denotes cream, F denotes suspending agent, G denotes granules ).
(b) Three certificates: The three certificates refer to the production license number, the implementation standard certificate number, and the pesticide registration certificate number. When buying, you must buy three cards.
(c) Capacity or weight: Net capacity or net weight rather than gross weight.
(4) Production units: including addresses, telephones, postal codes, etc.
(5) Labeling pesticide types: There is a line that does not fade below the label, red for pesticides, green for herbicides, black for fungicides, deep yellow for plant regulators, and blue for rodenticides.
(6) Instructions for use: This is an important part of the label and must be used according to the instructions, especially herbicides and plant regulators to avoid phytotoxicity.
(7) Toxicity: Non-toxic pesticides are impossible and are generally classified as highly toxic, highly toxic, toxic and low-toxic.
(8) Matters needing attention: generally include the date of manufacture, safety interval and effective shelf life.
Second, the state has strictly prohibited the use of drugs: 666 powder, DDT, insecticidal fleas, herbicidal ether, mercury-containing preparations, and arsenic-containing preparations.
III. Pesticides that cannot be used on vegetables, fruit trees and tea: methamidophos, methyl 1605, 1605, monocrotophos, phorate (3911), methylisophos- phate, chlorimicarb, carbofuran (carbofuran) ), dicofol.
Fourth, the method of discriminating false pesticides: one of the following common pesticides may be counterfeit products, please do not buy and use.
(1) Appearance: (1) Stratification, precipitation, turbidity, and suspension of emulsifiable concentrates and aqueous solutions; (2) Precipitation after shaking; (3) Ordinary powders and wettable powders are agglomerated or wet; (4) The fineness of powders is not Uniform; 5 powder particles inconsistent color; 6 granules particle size difference is greater; 7 there are foreign objects such as stones, paper, sand, iron filings; 8 the same dose of product specifications are different, there are large and small, there are more or less; 9 Internal and external packaging damage; 10 pesticides in bulk.
(b) Label: The content of the label is not complete.
Fifth, identify the method of pesticide failure:
(a) Emulsion pesticide identification method: 1 observation method: found in the pesticide precipitation, layered flocculation, this bottle can be placed in hot water, let stand for 1 hour, if the sediment is decomposed, the flocculent disappears Pesticides are effective; otherwise, they can no longer be used. 2 Oscillation method: Stratification phenomenon occurs in the pesticide bottle. The upper layer of the upper oil slick is precipitated, and the medicine bottle can be shaken to make the pesticide uniform. Let stand for 1 hour. If it is still stratified, it proves that the deterioration of the pesticide has failed. If the stratification disappears, it means that it has not failed and can continue to be used.
(B) Identification method of powder pesticides: 1 Suspension method: Take 50 grams of powder pesticide, place it in a glass bottle, add a little water to a paste, add appropriate amount of fresh water and mix well, place it for 10-20 minutes, good pesticide powder Fine, small, and slow sedimentation; failure of pesticide particles precipitate faster and more. 2 Cauterization method: Take 10-20 grams of powder pesticide, place it on a piece of metal and put it on fire. If white smoke is found, it means that the pesticide has not failed. Otherwise, it means that it has failed. It is usually used to identify 5% of Duolin powder. . 3 Observing method: If the powdered pesticide has agglomerated, it is not easily broken and proves to be invalid and can no longer be used. 4 Take a glass of clear water, and sprinkle a little pesticide on the surface of the water. After 1 minute, if the pesticide is not dissolved in the water, it means that it has gone bad. In addition, 1 gram of pesticide was sprinkled into a glass of water and stirred well. If sedimentation occurred quickly, the liquid surface appeared translucent, indicating that the pesticide had failed and could not be used. 