Interpretation · “Agriculture, Rural Areas, and Farmers” Re-energize the Agricultural Foundation

Grassroots information

After the Spring Festival, farmers in Sihou Village, Linfen County, Shanxi Province, were busy filling the fields. "If it weren't for a newly-developed canal, it wouldn't be able to pour on this production-enhancing water, and it would use this water to produce more than 200 kilos of mu," said Li Yingmin, a farmer. He is less than 5 miles from the Yellow River Diversion Canal. In the past, the canal could not be repaired. Water can not lead in, the villagers are "listen to the water, hope the flow of water, every year for the leeches."

Thanks to the new expansion project of the Jiamakou Irrigation District, the first branch of the Yellow River led the Yellow River water to over 2000 mu of Temple Hou Village. The government introduced relevant preferential policies to reduce the price of electricity and make up the water price. The village still grows 400 jins of grain per mu.

Continuous improvement in the supply of agricultural products can not be guaranteed without the support of agricultural infrastructure. In 2011, the irrigation area of ​​farmland in China exceeded 50% for the first time, and the comprehensive mechanization level of agriculture reached 54.5%. This shows that China's agricultural material technology and equipment have significantly improved. However, the pattern of China’s weak agricultural infrastructure and food for the rest of the world has not been fundamentally changed. It is still a long-term and arduous task to increase the comprehensive agricultural production capacity. This year's Central Document No. 1 again emphasized that the conditions for facilities and equipment should be improved and the material basis for agricultural development should be constantly consolidated.

"Agriculture, countryside and farmers" increase the intensity of investment subsidies

Strong foundation is key to putting in. In 2011, the central government's expenditure on agriculture, rural areas and farmers exceeded RMB 1 trillion for the first time. Coupled with financial input from local governments at all levels, the total investment for agriculture, rural areas and farmers reached over RMB 2.5 trillion. This year’s Central Document No. 1 again emphasized the increase in agricultural investment and subsidies, continued to increase fiscal expenditures for “three rural issues”, continued to increase investment in rural fixed assets by the state, and continued to increase investment in agricultural science and technology to ensure increased Both volume and proportion have increased. In accordance with the requirements of “increasing the total volume, expanding the scope, and improving the mechanism”, continue to increase the intensity of agricultural subsidies, increase the comprehensive subsidies for agricultural resources in a timely manner, increase the subsidies for fine seeds, increase the scale and scope of purchase subsidies for agricultural machinery, and further improve the subsidy mechanism and management. Method. This means that farmers will get more benefits this year.

In the field of agricultural science and technology investment, we must give full play to the leading role of the government, ensure that the increase in financial agricultural science and technology investment is significantly higher than the increase in fiscal recurring income, and gradually increase the proportion of agricultural R&D investment in agricultural added value, and establish a long-term mechanism for stable growth.

In terms of farmland water conservancy investment, 10% of land transfer proceeds will be used this year for central and provincial-level pooling of farmland water conservancy construction funds, and the implementation of agricultural irrigation and drainage project operation and management costs will be supplemented by appropriate fiscal subsidies to continue to increase the central government's small-scale irrigation and water conservancy key counties. Special funds for construction grants will be implemented to realize the construction of key counties in small farms and waters to basically cover large agricultural counties.

In respect of ecological compensation policies, it is necessary to explore and improve ecological compensation systems such as forests, grasslands, and soil and water conservation, study and establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for compensation standards for public welfare forests, and further strengthen the protection of wetlands. The grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policies cover the semi-pastoral counties (banners, cities) determined by the country. At the same time, it will increase the level of village-level public welfare undertakings to discuss the financial awards, and actively guide farmers and social funds into "three rural".

Speeding up construction of farmland and water conservancy, speeding up construction of high standard farmland

Last year, the nation’s water conservancy construction speeded up in an all-round manner, and the farmland water conservancy infrastructure was significantly strengthened However, consolidating the water conservancy infrastructure is not a day's work. At present, the lagging water conservancy construction is still the biggest flaw that affects the stable development of agriculture and national food security. The pace of construction in the future will not slow down. This year's document No. 1 clearly stated that the construction of farmland water conservancy will be constantly strengthened. Accelerate the construction of water source projects, large rivers, large lakes, and the management of small and medium-sized rivers, the rehabilitation of sluice gates for dangerous reservoirs, and the prevention and control of geological hazards in mountain torrents. Increase the construction of supporting facilities and water-saving reforms in large and medium-sized irrigation areas, and the upgrading of large and medium irrigation drainage pump stations. In areas where land and water resources are available, a batch of new irrigation areas will be built and efforts will be made to expand the effective irrigation area.

In the development of water-saving agriculture, this year we must vigorously promote high-efficiency water-saving irrigation new technologies and new equipment, expand the scope of equipment purchase subsidies and the scale of loan subsidies, and improve the preferential taxation policies for water-saving irrigation equipment. In respect of the construction of small farm water, we must increase the development of “five small water conservancy projects” in hilly areas, comprehensive improvement of rural river courses, and dredging efforts in Tanggu, and develop water resources in pastoral areas. In terms of grass-roots organizations, it is necessary to develop specialized service organizations for water conservancy science and technology promotion, flood prevention and drought relief, and irrigation tests.

The potential for increasing output and increasing efficiency in agriculture lies in strengthening the construction of high-standard farmland. This year's No. 1 document proposed to speed up the demarcation of permanent basic farmland and start the compensation for farmland protection. Raise funds through multiple channels, increase investment in comprehensive agricultural development, carry out major projects and demonstration construction of rural land remediation, and concentrate on accelerating the construction of high-yield, stable-yield farmland for drought and flood control. The implementation of high-efficiency water-saving agriculture irrigation projects in four provinces and regions in Northeast China will fully enhance the continuous increase in production capacity of cultivated land. We will expand the scale of subsidies for soil organic matter and continue to implement dry farming projects. We will strengthen the construction of facilities for the demonstration of agricultural equipment and technology. Accelerate the construction of modern agricultural demonstration areas and support the development of modern agriculture in Handan.

Agricultural Machinery Operation Field Expands Credit Support

At present, the land of rural young and middle-aged labor force has been significantly reduced. It will become a serious practical problem in the future who will plant land and rely on whom to develop modern agriculture. In this regard, the No. 1 document this year clearly stated that the important role of agricultural machinery integration technology, cost-saving and efficiency enhancement, and promotion of scale operations should be fully realized. The scope of agricultural machinery operations should be continuously expanded to improve the service level of agricultural machinery.

In key operations, this year we will focus on solving outstanding problems such as rice transplanting and corn, rapeseed, sugarcane, and cotton harvesting, and vigorously develop mechanical equipment such as facility agriculture and animal husbandry aquaculture, and explore agricultural mechanized production patterns.

In the research and development of agricultural machinery, it is necessary to strengthen the research and development of key spare parts and key products for agricultural machinery, support technological transformation of the agricultural machinery industry, and improve product applicability, convenience, and safety.

In terms of preferential policies, it is necessary to increase credit support and encourage large-scale farming households, large farm machinery, and agricultural cooperatives to purchase large- and medium-sized farm machinery. We will implement taxation and preferential policies that support the development of agricultural machinery and promote the marketization and industrialization of agricultural machinery services.

We will strive to further optimize the layout of agricultural machinery and equipment, increase the degree of organization of operations, and further increase the level of comprehensive mechanization of cultivation and harvesting in the country.

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2.5 trillion: In 2011, the central government's expenditure on agriculture, rural areas and farmers exceeded RMB 1 trillion for the first time. In addition to financial input from local governments at all levels, the total investment for agriculture, rural areas and farmers reached more than 2.5 trillion yuan.

345.2 billion: In 2011, the investment in water conservancy construction in China reached 345.2 billion yuan, of which the central government's investment in water conservancy was 114.1 billion yuan, surpassing 100 billion yuan for the first time; the scale of local water conservancy investment reached 231.1 billion yuan, a record high.

9.7 billion: In 2011, the total agricultural machinery power in the country reached 970 million kilowatts, an increase of 4.5% year-on-year. The area for the promotion of agricultural mechanization technology has continued to expand, and the total area of ​​rice transplanters has jumped to a new level of 100 million mu.

22.08 million: In 2011, the country's newly added water-saving irrigation project covers an area of ​​22.08 million mu, including nearly 10 million mu of efficient water-saving irrigation area.