Ten points of late stage pest control in rice
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To ensure effective pest and disease control, it is essential to understand the specific types of pests and diseases present in the field and choose the appropriate pesticides accordingly. When mixing pesticides, always verify their active ingredients, especially when dealing with panicle blight, which requires careful attention to the dosage forms of tricyclazole—two different forms exist and must not be confused.
Avoid increasing pesticide doses without justification, as this can raise costs and lead to phytotoxicity in crops. It's also important to check compatibility between pesticides to prevent chemical reactions that may reduce efficacy. During summer or thunderstorm seasons, adding adjuvants to the pesticide mixture can enhance spray coverage and improve resistance to rain, ensuring better control outcomes.
When applying pesticides using a water pump, divide the spraying area based on field length or mark the dispensing container for accurate measurement. Use an absorbent suction nozzle to avoid clogging from debris. For 1.6 mist sprayers, ensure sufficient personnel are available—typically six to seven people working north-south. A 1–1.3 acre area per water barrel is ideal. Before starting, close the small nozzle and spray a fine mist into the air first, or pre-mix the solution. When the barrel is empty, immediately shut off the nozzle to avoid re-spraying, which could burn young seedlings due to high concentration.
Timing is critical when applying pesticides. Avoid spraying during rice flowering (before 9 AM and after 3 PM) to prevent pollen abortion. Apply phosphorus-based or light-sensitive pesticides on cloudy days or after 3 PM. For late-stage rice planthopper control, apply pesticides at midday to maximize effectiveness.
For targeting panicle blight and rice leaf rollers, spray upward so the fine droplets slowly settle on the panicles or leaves. Fog machines offer better coverage. To control planthoppers or sheath blight, focus the spray on the lower parts of the plant, aiming for the base to strengthen prevention and protect the leaves. This method often uses large water pumps for better distribution.
When controlling planthoppers or older rice leafhopper nymphs, maintain a 3–5 day water layer in the field to allow the liquid to spread between plants. For sheath blight, blast, smut, or early-stage pests, ensure proper water levels. For late-stage rice plant fly control, keep the field dry to achieve optimal results.
Methamidophos and other banned pesticides like 1605 should never be used. Follow the prescribed formulas strictly when applying pesticides to fields producing high-quality rice, and avoid long-lasting chemicals such as buprofezin, pymetrozine, and profenofos. Do not apply any medication one month before harvest.
Regularly inspect fields after pesticide application to assess effectiveness. Identify areas with poor control and apply supplementary treatments to prevent pest outbreaks. Maintain clean fields by promptly removing waste and applying fertilizers properly. Protect aquatic life, such as fish and shrimp, from pesticide exposure.
Finally, prioritize safety during pesticide application. Work during cooler hours, such as early morning or late evening, and avoid alcohol before and after use. Wear protective gear including raincoats, pants, and masks. Avoid eating fruits or drinking while spraying, and refrain from smoking during the process. Always take precautions to ensure both personal and environmental safety.