Prevention of Citrus Huanglongbing
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Symptoms: There are three typical symptoms of Huanglong disease, namely, yellow-tip type yellow-dark disease, macular type yellow-end disease, and deficiency-type Huanglong disease. The yellow tip disease symptoms are as follows: In the outer part of the diseased tree, the shoots or the tip of the tree tip do not turn green and show uniform yellowing. They mostly occur in the primary disease tree and the summer and autumn shoots. The leaves are uniformly yellowish. Green, and easily fall off. The symptoms of macular lupus erythematosus are as follows: after the diseased new leaves turn green, they begin to chlorotic and chlorotic at the base of the leaves, near the veins or edges, and gradually expand into yellow-green and uneven patches in the spring, summer, and autumn. Shooting occurs. The symptoms of the deficiency of Huanglong disease are: more flowering, less results and small and malformed, diseased leaves are small, the main side veins of the leaves are green, and the veins are pale yellow or yellow, similar to the lack of traces of zinc, manganese, iron, etc. The symptoms of the element.
The law of onset: The origin of Huanglong disease is mycoplasma, which is transmitted through seedlings and diseased scions for long-distance transmission, making the disease-free orange grove a ward. Citrus gardens are mainly spread through wood lice and other diseased insects such as orange pods. The incidence and severity of the disease are related to many factors: When there are many diseased trees in the citrus orchard, the occurrence of Huanglong disease is large; young trees are susceptible to disease, and the mid-aged trees are more disease-resistant; strong tree disease resistance Strong, weak tree susceptibility to disease; spring tip disease is light, summer and autumn shoots are heavy; oranges, oranges, oranges, and grapefruit are all susceptible, but citrus and other disease resistance is weak and declines quickly after induction, while pomelo Orange disease resistance is stronger.
There are no particularly effective drugs for Citrus Huanglong disease that can be completely cured. Its prevention and control can only be based on prevention, supplemented by governance. The main prevention measures include:
1. Strengthen the quarantine of seedlings to prevent the invasion and transmission of pathogens, and prevent disease ear, diseased seedlings and diseased fruit from entering new planting areas and disease-free areas.
2. Establish a disease-free nursery and cultivate disease-free strong seedlings. Nursery sites should be selected in areas without diseases, areas with good isolation conditions, or plastic sheds must be used to isolate closed nursery. Rootstock seeds should be harvested from disease-free trees and soaked in hot water before sowing. That is, soak the seeds in hot water at about 50°C for 5 minutes, remove them, and soak them in hot water at about 55°C for 50 minutes. It can also be soaked with 1000 times tetracycline hydrochloride or oxytetracycline hydrochloride for 2 hours. The scion should be taken from the disease-free mother tree, preferably from a disease-free zone. Before grafting, soaking with tetracycline hydrochloride 1000 times for 1.5 hours, rinse with clean water and then grafting.
3, timely control of pests, eliminate the media. 1 Do a good job in winter. Killing the woody clams during wintering is the key to prevention and control throughout the year. 2 When the shoots are neat and tidy in spring, summer and autumn, use 40% water-containing phosphorothioate EC 800 times, 50% omethoate EC 800 times, and 20% fast-killing DM 2000-3000 times to spray and kill wood rakes. 3 When locusts occur on more than 1/3 of shoots, they are sprayed with 50% malathion EC or 40% dimethoate 1000 times.
4. Excavate diseased trees as soon as possible to reduce the source of germs. Every time the tender green turns green, check each tree carefully and thoroughly. Once a diseased plant is found, it should be excavated as soon as possible, leaving no residual piles and transporting it to the void outside of the Orangery to burn ash. Orange varieties should be consistent within the park, timely removal of sporadic shoots, so that the tidy shoots to reduce spawning sites. Cut down the weak trees that have lost their ability to reduce the incidence of diseases and insects.
5, timely injection of drugs, reduce the degree of harm. For the initial diseased tree, use 1000 times liquid tetracycline hydrochloride or penicillin to inject the trunk, which has certain inhibition and control effect on Huanglongbing.
6, to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, improve the plant's resistance to disease. For young trees, during the growing season of April-August, thin fertilization is applied once a month, and fertilization is conducted 4 to 6 times a year. For the result tree, budding fertilizer, stable fruit fertilizer, strong fruit fertilizer and fruit fertilizer should be applied every year. At the same time, we must conduct scientific water management, and ensure that water is supplied in a timely manner. Otherwise, too much water or excessive humidity can cause root rot and foot rot. When it is severe, it can still cause trees to die. Too little water or a severe lack of water can cause the plants to wilt, weaken their growth potential, and even cause dead trees.