Selection of animal feed granulation equipment
After the mixed powdered feed is granulated, various aspects such as nutrition and edible quality of the feed can be improved and improved. Granulation is not only suitable for livestock and poultry feed, but also suitable for aquatic products and special feeds. Due to different varieties and components of feed ingredients and different finished product sizes, there are different requirements for the performance and structural parameters of granulation equipment. Granulation processes are generally equipped with equipment such as pelletizing, cooling, sizing and grading, and some also have grease painting systems. The selection principles for the above types of equipment are as follows: 1. The granulator used in the granulator feed mill has two types: ring mould and flat mould. The flat die is more suitable for granulation of roughage, so only the ring die granulator will be described. Because the working principle of the ring die granulator is almost the same, the evaluation of its performance mainly depends on the rationality of the structural design, the ease of operation, the selection of the structural parameters, the processing methods, the manufacturing level, the selection of parts and components, and the purchase channels. Control functions and other aspects to consider comprehensively. 2, cooler The cooling is for the product to maintain good storage performance after granulation and is an indispensable procedure after granulation. For a long time, the cross-flow cooling has been used for cooling after granulation. Although it can meet the requirements for use, the temperature of the cooling pellets is less than 7oC. However, if it is inadvertently operated, it is not easy to reach the standard. Therefore, the counter-flow coolers that have emerged recently are the models with reasonable cooling principles, and the convection-type heat exchange systems are the most perfect and reasonable. As soon as the aircraft appeared, it was rapidly promoted. The cooling effect of the machine was lower than room temperature 3oC, and the cooling effect was extremely satisfactory. The selection of the machine, because the models produced by the various manufacturers are similar, so pay attention to the status of manufacturing quality, materials and accessories, such as: the effect of the automatic control of the inlet and outlet material linkage mechanism, whether the main body is made of stainless steel. In addition, the output options can be used not only for large-size models, but also to increase the output after superimposing 2 sets of machines. The selection and use of fans and separators are very effective. The suction tube should be made of stainless steel sheet, otherwise there will be a great impact on the service life under the condition of water vapor, and attention should be paid to it, otherwise it is impossible to obtain the best use effect. 3, granulation machine The crumbs can save power consumption and increase the digestion and absorption rate of livestock and poultry. At present, the granulator adopts almost all roller-type crumbs, and its performance is mainly assessed by the structural plausibility, structural parameters, process parameters, and processing levels of the machine. Large roll diameter pressure, easy to break. There are two kinds of pressure roller tooth shapes, one is crossed helical teeth, and the right front is suitable, the number of teeth should not be too much, which reduces the rate of powder extraction; the second type is a combination of straight teeth and helical teeth, this combination The penalty rate is also less, but both of these tooth arrays can meet the application requirements and the powder output rate should be controlled within 3%. However, starting from the actual use, it is very important to adjust the distance between the two rollers. Otherwise, the two rollers will work under different distances and the product will not be uniform. You can set the gauge at the adjustment handwheel to facilitate the operation. In addition, the size of the inlet of the granulator must be taken into consideration when selecting the type, and it must be completely consistent with the outlet of the cooler, otherwise the powder output rate will increase. 4, grading screen After the crumb material is sorted, its powder part is removed to ensure that the material has pure small particles, so that the feeding effect is optimized. The existing grading screens mainly include vibration grading screens and rotary vibration screens, both of which can achieve better results. The vibration grading screen should adjust the amplitude of the screen body according to the nature of the material and the flow rate to achieve the best effect. Rotary vibrating screen has a good grading effect due to the long distance between the screen surfaces, and it is also one of the commonly used equipment. In short, both types of machines can meet the requirements for use, and the classification efficiency can reach 98% to 99%. 5, aging The aging is a process for improving the degree of gelatinization of the feed and improving the water resistance of the pelleted feed. It can also improve the granulation performance and the eating quality. The maturing process is still in its infancy. At present, the maturation stabilizer with a steam addition system and a jacket insulation device is selected for the post-maturing process, so that the material temperature is maintained at 80oC to 90oC, and the particles can be maintained within the machine for 20 to 40 minutes (adjustable) to make the starch paste in the particles. Or it can be formed into a network structure, which can meet the requirements of water resistance up to 6min. 6, extrusion (expander), extruder The working principle of extrusion expander and extruder is very similar. The main difference is structural parameters and process parameters, such as the screw compression ratio, 1.05 ~ 1.2:1, the extrusion room stability is 120oC ~ 130oC, the working pressure in the extrusion chamber is 9.810-5 to 4.910-6Pa. The destruction rate of harmful factors is above 80% to 90%, and the gelatinization degree of starch is 85% to 90%. In addition, whether the material of the screw-in screw sleeve is alloy steel, whether the processing method is reasonable and advanced, and how the performance after heat treatment is, these parameters have a direct relationship with the use effect and cannot be ignored. It must be understood.
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