Wheat wetness control method

The turbid wheat wet is one of the five pests in the wheat production (wet, cold, dry, heat, grass, and pests). In recent years, Hubei, Zhunbei wheat area, Jiangsu hilly area and other common areas, each year have different savings. The moisture-damaged wheat roots are exposed to an oxygen-deficient environment for a long time, and the absorption function of the roots is weakened, resulting in water deficiency in the plants. In severe cases, the dehydration wilts or dies. Therefore, wet damage is also called physiological drought. It can be affected from the seedling stage to the filling stage of young flowers. The damage caused by seedling stage will cause rotten seedlings, low rate of seedling formation, delayed tillering, underdeveloped roots, and yellow leaves of seedlings; the three functional leaves in the upper part of the jointing and heading stages are shorter than the healthy plants. 20%, 30%, 36%, 40% reduction in effective panicles; premature failure of functional leaves suffered from damage during filling stage of poplar, and the number of grains per panicle was less, and the 1000-grain weight was reduced. Precocity with high temperature and high humidity occurred, and severe blue-green death occurred. The wet damage occurred in the middle and later stages of production was heavier than that in the previous period. Among them, the wet damage was the heaviest in the jointing and booting stage, the number of effective panicles was less, the number of grains per panicle decreased, the grain weight decreased, and the yield decreased.

In the wheat region of Huaibei, the incidence of wet hazards is not high, but the damage cannot be ignored. In the past 44 years, the Xuzhou region has suffered from varying degrees of wetness for 13 years, accounting for 29.5%, and it has increased the number of waterlogging damage in the past 10 years, especially in 1989, 1990, and 1991, where there has been continuous rain for three consecutive years, and the rainfall is relatively large, resulting in large wheat crops. Area lodging, grain weight decline, rotten sprouts, causing huge losses to wheat production. After sowing in the autumn of 1996, the continuous rain continued for 10 days. The rainfall reached 104.4mm, causing most of the wheat in Tongshan County to suffer wet damage and serious losses.

The main cause of wetness. In the last ten days of October from late October to early November, the rainfall was 104mm, an increase of 79.7mm over the same period of the previous year, an increase of 90.8mm over the same period of 1997. Excessive rain caused excessive water in the cultivation layer, water saturation in the cultivation layer, and lack of oxygen. The roots are in a state of hypoxia for a long time, breathing is inhibited, vitality is declining, the ability to absorb water and fertilizers is reduced, and the organic substances in the soil under anaerobic conditions produce reducing toxic substances that damage the roots, and the roots grow poorly and the root volume decreases. At this time, the nitrogen metabolism in the plant body was reduced, and the nitrogen content in the functional leaf was significantly reduced, resulting in the plantlet yellow or stiff seedlings. The second is high groundwater level, especially in wheat fields or low-lying wheat fields near the rivers and lakes. The groundwater level is high, causing damage to the roots of the wheat seedlings. We determined that the wet roots of wheat were only 2.98 secondary roots per plant, compared with the control. There was a decrease of 1.54, and there were almost no secondary roots in severe cases. During the seedling stage, although it can grow slowly during the winter, the secondary roots of the individual plants are reduced by 2-3 than that of the normal ones. This results in fewer lobules, yellowish color, and the emergence of fresh seedlings, and the total number of seedlings per plant. It is also less than normal, reaching 5.7 stems per plant at the jointing stage, and there are insufficient O. sativa over three leaves, which is 0626 less than normal, and the quality of tillering is lower, resulting in a lower number of final panicles. The third is that the three ditch is not magnetic, irrigation and drainage facilities are poor, the Mingshui row does not go out, the dark water can not be filtered, the ditch is not smooth, resulting in wet damage. Fourth, the layout is irrational, especially the water-contaminated wheat, or paddy field wheat, has not been able to implement contiguous planting, and some planting in the winter irrigation field, resulting in clear water can not row out of the wheat field, long-lasting flooding, severe blue-green dead vaccine .

Prevention methods (1) Timely cleaning of deep trenches for excavation Complete a trench in the field to reduce the density of water and reduce the dark stains. Doing everything possible to reduce the stagnant layer is the main target of preventing wheat wetness. For long-distanced deep trenches, silt must be dredged to lift the field to lower the groundwater level, prevent frequent rainstorms in winter and spring, or excessive rainstorms, which will facilitate drainage and make Tianshui into the ditch unimpeded. At the same time, it is necessary to do a good job of supporting the “three ditches”. The dry land wheat or paddy field wheat must all be well-opened, such as the Xianggou, Weigou, and Yaogou, so that the ditch and ditch are connected and the slivers are connected. The rain stops dry and the weather is free from stains and darkness. Do not suffer harm, promote the water to plant a large area of ​​wheat. (2) Adding fertilizing material to the wheat fields with heavier wetness, so that the early application of fertilizer can be used to reapply the jointing and panicle fertilizer to promote the seedlings to upgrade. Increased application of hot organic fertilizer in winter, such as slag grass fertilizer, pig manure, cow dung, grass ash, ditch miscellaneous horses, human waste and so on. Phosphorus and potash fertilizers are applied more to chemical fertilizers to facilitate root development, strong stalks, and less damage. (3) Loose loose soil to increase temperature. Improve soil permeability, promote root development, increase tillering, and cultivate strong seedlings. Wolfberry can promote the growth of wheat seedlings, accelerate the transformation of the seedlings, and increase the production of wheat by increasing the number of grains and increasing grains. (4) protect leaves from disease. Rust, scab, and powdery mildew were promptly sprayed and prevented. In addition, “802” booster, plant anti-reverse production agent, Gamm harvester, Huimanfeng, Fengbao, Wanjiabao were sprayed. It is also possible to spray 10ml of "Plant Power 2003" to 10L of clear water, once every 7-10 days, and spray twice consecutively. Promote the use of dozens of rare earth pure nutrients, spraying 50-30g of clean water 20-30L, the effect is good.

84 Disinfectant

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