Meat duck three-dimensional cage technical points
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The use of duck cages offers numerous benefits, including efficient space utilization within duck houses, which increases stocking density and enhances yield per unit area. Additionally, the integration of mechanized equipment reduces labor intensity, making the process more efficient. With a well-balanced diet, ducks consume feed evenly, and their growth cycle is shortened to approximately 60 days, resulting in about a 10% reduction in feed costs. Cage farming allows for complete artificial control, minimizing external stress and effectively preventing many infectious and parasitic diseases. However, this method requires higher standards in feeding and management.
Duck sheds and cages are typically arranged in two or one row along the north-south direction, with open spaces on either side or in the center. Each cage measures 2 meters in length and 1.2 meters in width, constructed using bamboo or barbed wire. The floor mesh size is 1.5 square centimeters. A fence 0.5 meters high surrounds each cage, made of wooden strips 2.5 cm wide and 2 cm thick, spaced 3-4 cm apart to allow easy access to food and water. Troughs or automatic drinkers should be placed in front of the fence. Cages can be stacked 2 to 4 layers high, with the upper layer set at 1.2 meters from the ground and the lower layer at 0.6 meters. Feces collection baskets are installed beneath the cages, positioned 20 cm below the top of the cage to facilitate waste removal.
Feeding strategies for meat ducks include three key stages:
(1) For ducklings (days 1–25), the feed should contain 20% crude protein, 3.9% crude fiber, 1.1% calcium, and 0.1% phosphorus. A reference formula includes 50% corn, 20% cake, 10% broken rice, 10% bran, 7.5% fish meal, 1% meat powder, 1% shell powder, and 0.5% salt.
(2) For medium ducks (26–45 days), the requirements are 17.5% crude protein, 4.1% crude fiber, and 0.5% calcium phosphate. A suitable formula consists of 50% corn, 12% bran, 10% broken rice, 0.5% salt, 5% vegetable cake, 17% wheat, 4.5% fish meal, and 1% shell powder.
(3) During the fattening period, the initial feed contains 35% corn, 26.5% flour, 30% rice bran, 5% fried beans, 2% shell powder, 1% bone meal, and 0.5% salt. Later, the formula changes to 35% corn, 30% flour, 25% rice bran, 6.5% sorghum, 2% shell powder, 1% bone meal, and 0.5% salt.
To prevent disease, ducklings are given drinking water with 0.02% potassium permanganate solution on days 1–5 and 9–13, and 0.02% furazolidone on days 6–8 and 14–16. Manure is swept daily, and feces are removed once a day, often used for fish farming or pig feed. The duck house should be disinfected with lime water every seven days. Common diseases include gizzard worm, cholera, and viral hepatitis. Vaccinations are essential: ducklings receive a hepatitis vaccine at 1 day old and a duck plague vaccine at 20 days old. Oxytetracycline powder at 0.1% can be added to feed every 5–7 days for 3 days as a preventive measure. Regular observation is crucial, and sick ducks should be treated promptly.