Sheep must be fertilized efficiently
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The fast fattening of mutton sheep allows for the slaughter of lambs after just two months, with weights reaching 15 to 20 kilograms and a survival rate exceeding 98%. To achieve such results, it's essential to focus on several key management practices that ensure both health and productivity.
First and foremost, selecting high-quality breeds is crucial. Crossbreeding is highly recommended, as it leverages hybrid vigor to enhance growth, fertility, and disease resistance. For instance, using male goats or other robust breeds as sires and local white goats as dams can produce offspring with larger body sizes, better wool quality, and higher meat yield. These crossbred sheep typically exhibit strong genetic stability and improved resilience to common diseases.
Next, proper housing plays a vital role in the success of any mutton sheep operation. The pens should be designed to provide a comfortable environment year-round—cool in summer and warm in winter. Ideal locations are those with good drainage, natural ventilation, and clean surroundings. A half-sloped north-facing structure with a back wall height of 1.8 meters and a front wall of 2.2 meters ensures optimal airflow and space for grazing. An open area around the pen also encourages movement and reduces stress.
When it comes to feeding, ewes should have access to high-quality pastures or mountain farms, supplemented with premium forage. In addition, each ewe should receive 0.4 to 0.7 kg of a balanced concentrate daily. This mix typically includes 60% corn, 8% wheat bran, 16% cottonseed cake, 12% soybean meal, 1% salt, and 3% calcium hydrogen phosphate.
For lambs, selection is key. Only healthy, well-developed individuals with strong appetites and no signs of illness should be chosen for fattening. Male lambs are often preferred due to their faster growth rates and lack of sexual maturity at this stage, which helps reduce unwanted behaviors.
Lamb supplementation should be carefully managed. A mix of cereal grains and soybean meal, along with ingredients like corn (45%), wheat bran (22%), soybean meal (30%), salt (1%), and fishmeal (2%), provides the necessary nutrients. The amount increases as the lamb grows: 50–70 grams per day at 20–30 days old, 100–150 grams at 1–2 months, and 200 grams at 2–3 months, given twice daily.
Tail docking is an important practice that improves meat quality and reduces odor. It should be done between 2 and 7 days of age, preferably on a sunny day. Two common methods include using a rubber band to cut off blood supply or a sharp knife to remove the tail, followed by proper bandaging.
Castration of male lambs also aids in growth and behavior control. This is usually done alongside tail docking, often using the rubber band method. By applying the band tightly around the testicles, the blood flow is restricted, and the tissue eventually dries up and falls off within 20–30 days.
Maintaining hygiene is critical. Clean water, dry bedding, and uncontaminated feed must always be available. Regular disinfection of pens, feeding areas, and equipment helps prevent disease outbreaks. Items like blankets, tools, and even work clothes should be cleaned and sterilized regularly.
Disease prevention should be proactive. Based on local disease patterns, a vaccination and deworming schedule should be implemented to protect the flock from infectious and parasitic diseases.
Finally, timely fattening and slaughter based on market conditions can maximize profits. By managing the growth cycle effectively, farmers can achieve better economic returns while maintaining high-quality meat production.