On July 31, 2007, the International AIDS Society (IAS) announced a significant breakthrough in AIDS research as gene therapy entered the human trial phase. This development was highlighted during the 4th International AIDS Society Conference held in Sydney, Australia, where over 5,000 participants from more than 130 countries presented and discussed over 3,000 scientific papers.
At a press conference on July 24, the IAS revealed that researchers have made notable progress in genetic and drug-based therapies against HIV. A novel treatment, which involves modifying a patient's own genes to suppress the virus, has now begun human trials. John Rossi, a professor at the Beckman Institute in the U.S. and director of Molecular Biology at Hope City Hospital in California, confirmed that the first human experiments will take place at the hospital. They have already recruited one volunteer and plan to enroll four more.
The project, which started in the early 1990s, is known as intracellular immunotherapy. It involves altering T-cell genetics so they can recognize and combat HIV. By doing this, the body’s natural defense system is activated, preventing infected cells from multiplying. Rossi emphasized that the main goal is to either fully control or significantly reduce the viral load in patients.
In addition, Richard Berry from the University of Illinois presented findings suggesting that male circumcision could play a key role in curbing the spread of HIV. He argued that promoting circumcision could prevent numerous infections and help control the epidemic. Bailey, another researcher, noted that circumcision could reduce heterosexual HIV transmission by up to 60%, potentially preventing 2 million new infections in sub-Saharan Africa over the next decade.
This idea was later supported by the World Health Organization and UNAIDS, who issued a joint statement confirming that male circumcision is an effective strategy for reducing HIV transmission among men.
Meanwhile, Joseph Ellen from the University of North Carolina introduced an integrase inhibitor he developed, which shows greater effectiveness than current anti-HIV drugs. The drug can lower HIV levels below the "dangerous" threshold with minimal side effects.
On a different note, Nigerian scholar Adiene Sajay pointed out that practices such as washing with lemon juice after sexual intercourse are ineffective in preventing HIV. A survey of 300 sex workers in Nigeria found no evidence that this method reduces infection risk.
These developments highlight ongoing efforts to find innovative and practical solutions to combat the global HIV/AIDS epidemic.
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