Soybean red spider mites, also known as cinnabar leafhoppers, are arachnids belonging to the family Tetranychidae. In 2007, due to high temperatures and drought conditions, these pests affected over 120 million mu in Heilongjiang Province, leading to a significant decline in soybean yields. Recent surveys show that the damage caused by soybean red spider mites has become one of the most critical threats to soybean crops, with average yield losses ranging from 20% to 30%, and in severe cases, up to 70% to 90%.
Morphologically, adult mites measure between 0.3 to 0.5 mm in length, with a reddish-brown coloration and four pairs of legs. Female mites are slightly larger, reaching 0.5 mm, and have an oval or pear-shaped body with a broad front and pointed tail. They feature slender bristles on their backs and a single black elongated spot on each side. Wintering females appear bright red and shiny. Male mites are smaller, measuring about 0.3 mm, and display a purple or light yellow color, often shaped like a spindle or pear. The eggs are spherical, initially colorless and transparent, gradually turning yellow and then red. Juveniles have three pairs of legs and appear yellow-white in color. After feeding, they turn oval and greenish, with dark green spots developing on their sides. When they reach the fourth stage, they take on a light green to orange hue, with bristles on their backs.
In terms of behavior, soybean red spider mites thrive in moist soil cracks, weed roots, and soybean residue. Their activity typically begins in mid to late April of the following year. Initially, they infest weeds such as small peony, bindweed, dandelion, and plantain before migrating to soybean plants in June and July. As temperatures rise in late July and early August, their population increases rapidly, and they spread quickly. By mid-August, their numbers start to decline, and as temperatures drop in September, they begin to seek wintering sites, entering dormancy in October.
In Heilongjiang Province, soybean red spider mites can complete 8 to 12 generations per year. The developmental threshold temperature is 10.5°C, while the upper limit is 42°C. The effective accumulated temperature required for a full generation is 163.25°C. Under optimal conditions—relative humidity of 35–55% and an average temperature of 22–28°C—the development period from egg to adult takes only 10–13 days. Prolonged droughts lasting more than 14 days lead to rapid infestation and severe damage. Conversely, when relative humidity exceeds 70%, it becomes less favorable for their survival. Low temperatures, rain, and wind all negatively impact their reproduction.
These mites can affect soybean plants throughout the growing season. Initially, they form clusters on the underside of leaves, creating a web-like structure and sucking sap, which leads to yellow-white spots on the upper surface of the leaves. Within 3–5 days, these spots expand and merge, resulting in red-brown patches. Leaves may curl, turn yellow or reddish-brown, and eventually fall off. In severe cases, entire plants may die. High nitrogen fertilizer application can exacerbate the problem. When food sources are scarce, mites tend to migrate. The peak of damage occurs between July and August, with heavily infested or sparse fields suffering greater losses.
To manage soybean red spider mites, several control methods are recommended. Agricultural practices include applying balanced fertilizers, increasing phosphorus and potassium levels, avoiding excessive nitrogen, removing weeds promptly, and maintaining proper irrigation. Crop rotation between dry and wet conditions can also help reduce infestation. Chemical control should be initiated when the occurrence rate reaches 10%, using products like 73% chlorbenzuron at 3000 times dilution, 40% dichlorvos at 1000 times, or 25% emamectin benzoate at 3000 times. These can be combined with aphid control. In dry conditions, adding 1% plant spray additives like Yaoxiaobao or Xindebao can enhance effectiveness. Biological control options include 1.8% avermectin EC, 0.3% azadirachtin EC, or 10% Liu Yangmycin EC, diluted appropriately. Bionic pesticides like 1.8% Agricultural Colocasia EC can also be used, with additional additives applied under drought conditions to improve coverage.
Improving Vision Extract
Improving Vision Extract such as Marigold Flower Extract, Super Lutein Extract, Wild Blueberry Powder, Bilberry Extract, Lutein, and zeaxanthin are widely known to improve vision. They are naturally occurring carotenoids in vegetables and fruits, and have a high concentration of distribution in the macular region. Lutein and zeaxanthin can absorb harmful blue light, reduce its damage to the retina, and thus play a role in protecting vision. They are like a "protective shield" for the eyes, protecting our eyes from the outside environment. In addition, these two serums also have antioxidant functions, which can remove free radicals in the eye and delay the aging of the eye.
Anthocyanins are also an important class of vision improvement essences. Commonly found in plants such as blueberries and black goji berries. Anthocyanins can promote the regeneration of rhodopsin in retinal cells, enhance eye blood circulation, and improve visual acuity. They bring rich color and vitality to the eyes, allowing us to perceive the world more clearly. At the same time, anthocyanins also have anti-inflammatory effects, helping to relieve eye fatigue and inflammation.
DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in fish oil is also one of the important essens to improve vision. DHA is an important part of the retina, which can improve the signal transmission of the retina and improve the speed of visual response. DHA supplements help maintain the normal function of the retina and prevent vision loss. EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) in fish oil also has a certain eye protection effect, which works synergistically with DHA to provide comprehensive protection for eye health.
Ginkgo biloba extract is also a part of the vision improvement serum. It can improve the blood circulation in the eyes, and increase the oxygen and nutrient supply to the eyes, thereby reducing eye fatigue and blurred vision. Ginkgo biloba extract also has antioxidant and neuroprotective effects that help maintain the normal function of eye nerves.
In addition to the above major vision improvement essences, there are a number of other substances that are also emerging in the field of vision improvement. For example, tea polyphenols can remove free radicals from the eye and protect retinal cells; Zinc is essential for maintaining the normal physiological function of the eye. Vitamin A is essential for vision.
These vision improvement essences work through different mechanisms, working together to protect our vision health. However, it is important to note that vision improvement serum is not a substitute for a healthy lifestyle and good eye habits. Maintaining reasonable eye time, proper rest, a balanced diet, and adequate outdoor activities are all important factors in maintaining visual health.
Marigold Flower Extract,Super Lutein Extract,Wild Blueberry Powder, Bilberry Extract
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