Spring is the critical initial phase for red pomelo, honeydew, and other citrus trees, during which new shoots, flower buds, and fruit setting occur. This period is particularly vulnerable to pests, nutrient deficiencies, and drought, all of which can significantly impact shoot development, flower quality, and fruit set. Proper management during this time is essential for maximizing annual yields. Implementing timely spring care practices—such as fertilization, pruning, and disease control—is crucial to ensure strong growth, healthy flowers, and a bountiful harvest.
First, apply spring fertilizer at the right time. Applying the correct amount of nutrients early helps promote vigorous shoot growth, improve flower quality, and increase fruit set. For example, if a tree produces 100 kg of fruit, it should receive 2.5 kg of compound fertilizer or 7 kg of urea and 2 kg of potassium, applied in two stages during the "spring" to "Vernal Equinox" period.
Second, thinning and pruning are essential. Removing weak flowers and unnecessary branches reduces nutrient waste, improves flower quality, and enhances fruit set. It also helps balance the tree's load, promoting better fruit size and market value. Thinning should be done from late February to early March, focusing on removing weak flowers while retaining strong ones. Generally, 4–5 flowers per branch are left, with careful attention to the overall balance of the tree.
Third, protecting the flowers and young fruits is vital. Spring is a delicate time when flowers are easily affected by weather conditions like rain, high temperatures, and drought. To protect them, ensure proper nutrition, moisture, and temperature control. Spraying trace elements such as boron and phosphorus before flowering can enhance flower development and reduce sterile blooms. Watering the ground rather than the canopy helps maintain humidity without increasing disease risk.
Fourth, pest and disease control must be prioritized. Early spring is a key time for managing pests like spider mites and diseases such as anthracnose. Timely application of appropriate pesticides and fungicides is necessary to prevent outbreaks that could damage young shoots and fruits. For example, spraying 2000 times diluted special water for spider mites or using copper-based solutions before flowering can help keep the trees healthy.
By following these comprehensive spring management practices, growers can ensure strong, healthy trees that produce high-quality fruit with a higher yield. Each step plays a crucial role in the overall success of the season, making it essential to act promptly and carefully throughout the spring period.
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