Edible bacteria intensified cultivation techniques
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The intensive production of raw materials is primarily focused on saving time, reducing energy consumption, lowering resource usage, and increasing overall efficiency. Selecting the right raw materials is crucial for successful cultivation. For instance, *Pleurotus ostreatus*, commonly known as oyster mushrooms, is one of the easiest edible fungi to grow, with simple methods and a variety of techniques available. Among these, low-cost and easy-to-manage cultivation methods are often preferred. Two common approaches include raw material cultivation and clinker cultivation.
In raw material cultivation, the growing medium is not sterilized using high heat. Instead, it is typically composted. After mixing the materials with water, they are piled up and covered with a plastic sheet to allow natural warming. Once the core temperature of the pile reaches around 60°C, the outer edges are turned toward the center, and the pile is re-stuffed. This process is repeated three times before inoculation and bagging. By carefully controlling the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and maintaining a high-temperature environment, the growth of unwanted bacteria can be effectively suppressed, allowing *Pleurotus ostreatus* to thrive more quickly.
Through cultivation experiments, it was found that the optimal bag size is 18 cm in diameter and 45 cm in length (30 cm after loading), with 0.6 kg of dry material being ideal. In this bagging system, a two-layer, three-layer strain method is used—meaning two layers of substrate are placed one on top of the other, with a layer of mycelium sandwiched between them. This approach is highly efficient for intensive production.
Compared to traditional methods, intensive cultivation uses a positioning mushrooming technique. Instead of opening the bags fully, small holes are reserved for oxygen exchange, which helps prevent competition among mushroom buds for nutrients. This reduces shrinkage and minimizes nutrient loss. Additionally, conventional methods often result in large openings, leading to poor-quality mushrooms, dead caps, and lower yields. The positioning method avoids these issues by keeping the bags sealed, allowing controlled moisture evaporation and ensuring better management throughout the growing process. This strategy enhances both productivity and quality in mushroom farming.