Techniques for cultivation of straw mushroom in summer shed

Straw mushrooms are thermophilic fungi, and extreme temperature fluctuations can significantly hinder the growth of the fruiting bodies. In the first 3 to 4 days after sowing, it's important to maintain a warm environment for the mycelium to establish itself. As the substrate temperature rises, especially when it exceeds 40°C, it’s necessary to remove the plastic cover and lower the temperature. The ideal substrate temperature should be maintained between 35°C and 38°C, while the air temperature should stay within 30°C to 32°C. Once the fruiting bodies begin to form and develop, the substrate temperature should be kept around 30°C to 35°C, and the air temperature should be slightly lower, between 28°C and 32°C. Consistent temperature control is essential for optimal growth and high yield.

Second, humidity control

Before sowing, the growing medium should be thoroughly soaked with water to ensure proper moisture levels. After sowing, the mulch film on the beds should remain in place for the first few days to retain moisture. The moisture content of the culture material should be between 65% and 70%, and the relative humidity in the air should be maintained at 85% to 90%. After 3 to 4 days, the mycelium will typically cover the surface. If the air humidity drops, a 2% lime water solution can be sprayed lightly into the air using a mist sprayer. The spray nozzle should be directed upward so that the fine mist settles naturally, and the water temperature should be close to or slightly warmer than the ambient temperature. During the fruiting stage, the air humidity should be above 90%. If needed, light spraying or irrigation can be used to increase humidity, but avoid directly wetting the mushroom caps or the substrate. Irrigation is usually done in the furrows to keep the base moist, while spraying is used to raise the air humidity. Always use clean, room-temperature water and apply it gently to prevent damage to the mushrooms.

Third, ventilation and lighting

As an aerobic fungus, straw mushrooms require more oxygen during the fruiting stage compared to the mycelial growth phase. Proper ventilation is crucial in greenhouse cultivation, but it should be done gradually to avoid sudden temperature changes that could harm the crop. A moderate level of air circulation is generally best. During the fruiting period, ventilation should be combined with misting. For example, during the early stages of mycelium growth, open a small portion of the mulch at noon for about 15 to 20 minutes. Once the mycelium has fully covered the substrate, remove the mulch. Before ventilating during the fruiting phase, mist both the ground and the air, then ventilate for approximately 20 minutes, two to three times daily. Light is also important—straw mushrooms prefer diffused light. In the early germination stage, keep the light dim, and as the mushrooms grow, gradually increase the light intensity until it becomes suitable for reading a newspaper. Avoid direct sunlight, which can be harmful to the developing fruiting bodies.

Fourth, disease and pest control

To prevent contamination by Coprinus agaricus, it's recommended to use fresh substrates and allow them to dry for 2 days before inoculation. Soaking the raw materials in lime water can also help reduce contamination. The nitrogen content in the substrate should not exceed 5% when adding wheat bran or rice bran, while livestock manure should be limited to 3%. Secondary fermentation of the substrate is highly effective in reducing bacterial and fungal contamination. Keeping the moisture content of the substrate below 70% during fermentation helps achieve better results through high-temperature processing.

Mold, such as Trichoderma viride, Mucor, and Streptomyces, can be controlled using a mixture of 50% carbendazim or 75% thiophanate-methyl diluted at a ratio of 1:200, along with lime water with a pH of 10. Applying lime directly to infected areas can also be very effective in controlling mold growth.

For pests like scorpions, a 500-fold dilution of a suitable insecticide can be used. For slugs, a 400-fold dilution of a detergent solution sprayed 2–3 times consecutively is effective. To manage mushroom flies, dig drainage ditches around the growing area and regularly spray 0.5% dichlorvos. Secondary fermentation of the substrate can also kill larvae and eggs. Using black light traps is another effective method for controlling these pests.

Black And White Ultrasonic Diagnostic Equipment

It can be configured with a variety of variable-frequency probes to meet various clinical needs; dual probe interface, the probe can be freely switched; it adopts a number of international advanced digital image processing technology and software technology, such as dynamic broadband low-noise preamplification and dual-echo processing technology, multi-point dynamic focusing, dynamic variable aperture, dynamic filtering, gain compensation (TGC), frame correlation, DSC transform interpolation, etc., with a clear and delicate image. It is suitable for diagnosis and examination of abdomen, gynaecology, obstetrics, urology, blood vessels, heart, small organs and superficial parts.

Black And White Ultrasonic Diagnostic Equipment,Female Polycystic Kidney Ultrasound Instrument,Human Ultrasound Diagnostic Equipment,Male Liver Cyst Uitrasound Diagnostic Instrument

Sichuan Krayson Electronic Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.sckrayson.com