Chinese herbal medicine breeding 3 methods

I. Seed breeding

Herbal seed propagation is the most common. The technique of seed breeding is simple, which is conducive to domestication and breeding of new varieties. However, the progeny of seed breeding are prone to variation, and the flowering and fruiting are delayed. In particular, the time required for seed propagation from woody Chinese herbal medicines is long. Therefore, to develop medicinal plant breeding, one is to accelerate the breeding of new and improved varieties in order to replace the old varieties that have been applied in production; the second is to maintain the superiority of new varieties and prevent mixing and degradation. If Yuan Hu's tuber is divided into "the mother yuan Hu" and "Zi Yuan Hu", the production must use "Zi Yuan Hu" as the species to obtain high quality and high yield. Another example is Zhejiang Fritillaria, because the breeding coefficient is very low, in order to ensure the quality of the seeds, the production will be separated from the cultivation of commodity land and seed land. The golden yellow farmyard variety JinZhaoYuan, through the shoot-tip culture-free virus vaccine compared with the original varieties, the disease is light, the yield is high, can make the species degraded due to infection and rejuvenation. Therefore, the use of new biological technologies for the cultivation of fine varieties of Chinese herbal medicine (including multiple breeding and other breeding techniques) and the rapid propagation of clones, and then the establishment of a large-scale production base according to the national GAP requirements are fundamental to improve the quality of Chinese herbal medicines. One of the ways.

Second, nutrition breeding

Nutrient breeding accounts for about 35% of medicinal plant cultivation, such as rooting, ramets or breeding with bulbs (fritillaria), tubers (polygonum multiflorum), bulbous buds (Pengxia). Some Chinese herbal medicines are very difficult to harvest seeds or seeds, such as Yalian and Chuanxiong, and they have been used for asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction is more commonly used than seed breeding because of its rapid growth, high yield, short growth period, and ability to maintain good female traits. If Fritillaria grows with a bulb, it will take only five years for the seed to multiply. However, sometimes long-term asexual reproduction can easily lead to species degradation, such as rehmannia, yam, etc., must pay attention to miscellaneous, inferior, ready to plant, prevent degradation. The long-term asexual breeding of gastrodia elata, the serious degradation of varieties, the use of sexual breeding of gastrodia (leaf mushroom bed method), increased viability, both to solve the problem of species degradation, but also to solve the lack of provenance sources, increase production and quality.

Third, organizational training

The tissue culture of Chinese herbal medicine is to put the separated Chinese herbal medicine tissues (such as root, stem, leaf segments, pieces, blocks, etc.) into a bottle containing a synthetic medium and grow or develop it under sterile operating conditions. It uses the regenerative capacity of medicinal plant somatic cells to produce plants that maintain the inherent traits and characteristics of the original variety. It is the most advanced modern Chinese herbal medicine rapid propagation technology. In the cultivation of Chinese herbal medicine GAP (quality management standard for Chinese medicinal materials), tissue culture methods are commonly used to breed virus-free plants and produce pollution-free green Chinese herbal medicine.

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