In recent years, farmers in Liu Village, Xiaocheng Town, Hancheng Town, Fengrun District, Tangshan City have successfully implemented the "Efficient Cultivation Model of Cabbage, Green Pepper, and Cucumber," achieving impressive results. The first crop, early spring cabbage, yielded 4,000 kg with an income of 5,000 yuan. The second crop, green peppers, produced 5,000 kg, generating 4,000 yuan. The third crop, cucumbers, reached 3,000 kg, bringing in 2,000 yuan. After deducting a total cost of 3,500 yuan, the net income amounted to 7,500 yuan. This model has proven highly effective, combining high yield with profitability.
The cultivation techniques are carefully structured to ensure optimal growth and productivity:
1. **Cabbage Seedling Preparation**: Early varieties such as 8398, Zhonggan No. 11, and Primula were selected for their disease resistance and high yield. Seedlings were raised from mid-November to early December. A well-prepared seedbed used 20 kg of composted manure, 5 kg of chicken manure, and 3 kg of calcium phosphate per 10 square meters. Temperature control was crucial—daytime temperatures were kept at 20-25°C, while nighttime temperatures were maintained between 5-10°C. After germination, the temperature was gradually reduced to 10-15°C during the day and 2-7°C at night. Watering was minimized to prevent overgrowth before winter.
2. **Transplanting**: Transplanting took place from mid-January to early February. The soil was finely prepared, with 3,000–4,000 kg of organic fertilizer mixed into the base, along with 60 kg of compound fertilizer. Raised beds were formed, 2.5 meters wide, covered with a 4-meter-wide arch greenhouse. Cabbages were planted in rows spaced 35 cm apart, with 3,800–4,000 plants per mu.
3. **Crop Management**: After transplanting, immediate watering was done. During the seedling stage, ventilation was introduced when the temperature reached 18–22°C. The seedlings were gently cultivated once or twice during the rosette stage. Fertilization was applied twice during the filling period, using 20 kg of nano-fertilizer and 25 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. Watering was done every 10–15 days based on soil moisture. By mid-March to early April, cabbages weighing 1–1.5 kg were ready for harvest.
4. **Green Pepper Cultivation**: High-yield, disease-resistant varieties like Zhongjiao 7 and Jingtian 2 were chosen. Seedlings were grown for about 120 days starting in late October to November. Transplanting occurred from late April to May 1st, after cabbage harvesting. Green peppers were planted in 4–5 rows on the same bed, with 40 cm spacing, totaling 3,000 shoots per mu. 40–50 kg of compound fertilizer was applied per acre.
5. **Green Pepper Management**: After planting, the first top-dressing was applied with 20 kg of nano-fertilizer and 25 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. Watering was done every 7–10 days. Green pepper temperatures were kept between 25–30°C during the day and 10–15°C at night. Ventilation was gradually introduced to avoid sudden temperature changes. When outdoor conditions were suitable, protective structures were removed to prevent overheating. In mid-June, when fruit set declined, extra care was taken with irrigation and fertilization to maintain plant health.
6. **Disease Control**: Common diseases such as virus disease were controlled using A500 liquid, while anthracnose was treated with tetromycin or thiophanate-methyl at appropriate dilutions.
7. **Cucumber Cultivation**: For the autumn crop, heat-resistant and disease-resistant varieties like Tang Qiu 1 and Cuiguan were selected. After the previous crop was harvested (late July to early August), 7,500 kg of compost, 1,000 kg of chicken manure, 40 kg of superphosphate, and 100 kg of wood ash were applied. The soil was deeply turned and leveled before sowing. Seeds were planted in furrows 50 cm apart, with 25 cm spacing between seeds.
8. **Cucumber Management**: During the growing season, frequent rain could lead to waterlogging, so timely weeding and ditching were essential. Foliar sprays of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% zinc sulfate were applied every 7–8 days. Top-dressing with compound fertilizer was combined with watering, using 10–20 kg per mu. Weeding and pruning helped improve air circulation and light penetration.
9. **Pest and Disease Prevention**: Due to the hot and rainy summer and autumn seasons, cucumbers were prone to downy mildew, powdery mildew, bacterial angular spot, and pests like aphids and red spider mites. A combination of chemical treatments and cultural practices was used for effective control.
This integrated approach not only maximizes yield but also ensures sustainable and profitable farming for the local community.
Whitening Ingredient
Whitening supplements usually refer to nutritional supplements or food ingredients that can help improve uneven skin tone, reduce dark spots, and enhance skin brightness, thus achieving whitening effects. These components usually work by antioxidants, inhibiting melanin production, promoting melanin breakdown, or accelerating epidermal metabolism.
Here are some common whitening supplements:
1. Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)
A powerful antioxidant, can inhibit tyrosinase activity, reduce melanin production, while promoting collagen synthesis, improve skin quality.
2. Glutathione
It is an endogenous antioxidant that can be used orally or topically to help reduce pigmentation and improve skin brightness.
3. Niacinamide (vitamin B3)
It can prevent the transfer of melanin to the skin surface, reduce the formation of stains, and has anti-inflammatory and moisturizing effects, improve skin barrier function.
4. Lipoic acid
A powerful antioxidant that can work with other antioxidants such as vitamins C and E to enhance the whitening effect.
5. Arbutin
Natural extract, can inhibit tyrosinase activity, reduce melanin production, commonly found in whitening skin care products.
6. Polyphenols (such as green tea extract, grape seed extract)
With antioxidant properties, can prevent skin damage caused by ultraviolet light, indirectly help whitening.
7. Collagen peptide
Although the direct whitening effect is limited, it can improve the elasticity and water retention of the skin, making the skin look fuller and brighter.
It is important to note that the effectiveness of whitening supplements varies from person to person, and usually requires a combination of good sun protection and reasonable lifestyle habits (such as adequate sleep, balanced diet, moderate exercise) to achieve the best results. When choosing a whitening supplement, it is recommended to consult a professional to ensure safety and suitability.
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