Cultured fish pond cages
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Fish pond cage farming is a highly efficient and manageable method of aquaculture. It offers the advantages of a small footprint, ease of handling, convenient harvesting, and high economic returns. This system is also suitable for raising and breeding the four major carp species.
When setting up net cages, it's important to choose polyethylene mesh with a no-knot structure. The standard dimensions of the cages are 7 meters in length, 1.7 meters in width and height, or 10 meters long with a width and height of 2 meters each. The fish pond should be at least 1.5 meters deep. Before placing the cages in the pond, make sure the area is thoroughly cleaned to prevent any animals or plants from damaging the netting. Once the cage is in place, use bamboo poles about 3 to 4 meters long to secure it along the edges. A layer of clay 25 to 30 centimeters thick should be laid on the bottom of the pond, and then water is added to cover approximately 50% of the cage’s surface. The cage should be placed more than 1 meter away from the pond walls to allow for proper water circulation. New cages should be soaked in water for 15 to 20 days before introducing fish to remove any harmful substances and avoid injuring the fish with sharp edges.
Before stocking eels, the pond should be treated with lime at a rate of 100 grams per square meter one week prior. Eels should also be dipped in a 1% to 3% saltwater solution for 2 to 3 minutes before being placed into the cages. Each cage can hold between 25 to 125 grams of carp, with a total weight of 30 to 50 kilograms. Stocking density should gradually increase from August to November to ensure optimal growth conditions.
Feeding and management play a crucial role in successful cage farming. From July to September, which is the peak feeding period, it's essential to provide a steady supply of high-quality feed. The main diet consists of animal-based feeds such as small fish, shrimp, oysters, snails, and other aquatic organisms. The daily feeding amount should be 5% to 10% of the total fish biomass, divided into two meals per day—morning and afternoon. The feed should be consumed within an hour, and any leftovers must be removed promptly to maintain water quality. Alternatively, a small amount of mud can be added to the cage to help clean up leftover food. Feed should be replaced gradually 3 to 5 days in advance to avoid sudden changes that could stress the fish.
During the summer months, shading structures should be used to protect the cages from excessive sunlight. Regular removal of decomposing plant debris is necessary to keep the environment clean. After rainfall, water levels should be monitored and drained if needed to prevent fish from escaping. Disease prevention and treatment are also critical, especially for common ailments like gill rot, enteritis, bacterial infections, and fever. Routine checks and timely interventions will help maintain the health of the fish population and ensure a successful harvest.