The prevention of disease caused by picking leaves
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In winter, eggplant leaf diseases can become a major concern for farmers. Many have found that removing diseased and old leaves helps prevent the spread of infections. This practice not only reduces the number of harmful bacteria on affected leaves but also improves air circulation and light penetration between plants, which in turn lowers disease risk and promotes healthier growth. However, some farmers struggle with over-picking, which can harm plant development and reduce overall yield.
Eggplant fruits rely heavily on organic nutrients produced through leaf photosynthesis. These nutrients are essential for fruit development and are closely tied to leaf area. To achieve high yields, it's important to maintain an adequate number of leaves. Typically, each branch produces two fruits—one large and one small. The large fruit requires the most nutrients during its growth phase, and the surrounding 3 to 4 leaves play a key role in supplying this. The upper leaves support the smaller fruit, flower bud formation, and new leaf growth, while the lower leaves mainly contribute to root development.
Unfortunately, many farmers remove too many leaves around the large fruit to prevent disease, which causes the roots to compete directly with the fruit for nutrients, ultimately reducing yield. While removing diseased and old leaves is a good practice, it should be done in moderation. New leaves at the top are still developing and aren't efficient at producing nutrients. They require energy from other leaves to grow, so they shouldn’t be removed early. The middle and upper leaves, however, are fully developed and highly efficient at photosynthesis. They supply nutrients to the fruits, roots, and new growth, making them crucial and not easily removable.
Only the lower, older leaves—those with less chlorophyll, reduced enzyme activity, and limited light exposure—should be considered for removal. These leaves produce fewer nutrients and may even consume some. Removing them in moderation can help improve overall plant health without compromising yield.
It’s best to remove leaves in stages rather than all at once. Avoid stripping the lower part of the plant completely, as this can weaken the plant. In the early growth stage, minimal or no leaves should be removed. During mid to late growth, focus on removing yellowing, old, or lower leaves. When the weather is dry or the plant isn’t overly vigorous, leaf removal can be more strategic. Generally, it's advisable to leave 3 to 4 healthy leaves near the fruit to ensure continued nutrient supply and balanced growth.