Fast-growing poplars in winter
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Poplar is one of the most important fast-growing timber species in China, playing a vital role in both ecological restoration and economic development. For many farmers, especially those in rural areas, cultivating poplar seedlings through cutting propagation is an effective strategy to improve their livelihoods and escape poverty. This method not only offers a quick return on investment but also provides a sustainable source of income.
Winter cuttings are widely used for propagating fast-growing poplars. The process typically begins after the leaves have fallen and before the ground freezes. Farmers select straight, well-wooded shoots that are fully matured and cut them into 15 cm sections. These cuttings are then soaked in clean water for 3–5 days to ensure they absorb enough moisture, which significantly improves their survival rate and promotes faster growth.
Before planting, the soil should be deeply tilled and fertilized with a base fertilizer. The spacing between rows depends on the variety, usually around 50 cm by 30 cm, resulting in approximately 4,400 plants per acre. When inserting the cuttings, they should be placed flush with the ground and pressed down firmly. After watering, the soil settles slightly, leaving the cuttings just barely exposed. In regions north of the Yellow River, it’s advisable to cover the cuttings with a thin layer of soil to protect them from cold weather. These cuttings should be uncovered in late spring before the new growing season begins.
Once the seedlings emerge, proper care is essential. According to field experiments, poplars can start rooting at temperatures above 5°C. Winter-cut seedlings often develop roots before spring, giving them a head start in growth. As a result, winter-planted cuttings tend to germinate about 20 days earlier than those planted in spring. This early root development leads to taller, thicker, and more vigorous growth, as well as better resistance to environmental stress.
In conclusion, winter cuttings are highly recommended for growing fast-growing poplars. They allow for earlier root formation, faster growth, and stronger seedlings, ultimately improving the profitability of nursery operations. By choosing the right timing and techniques, farmers can maximize their yields and contribute to sustainable forestry practices.