High quality cultivation of apple jujube
Raw Materials For Health Products Xi'an Longze Biotechnology Co., Ltd. , https://www.bestbilberry.com
Jujube is a rare and highly valued variety in the fresh jujube market. It stands out for five key advantages: (1) Fruit size. The fruit is nearly round with a smooth, clean surface. On average, it weighs 32 grams, with some reaching up to 80 grams. (2) Superior quality. The thin, crisp skin has a reddish color without cracking. The pulp is green and white, tender, juicy, and offers a sweet-sour taste. At maturity, it contains up to 40% soluble solids, 72% water, and an edible rate of 96.9%. (3) Strong adaptability. This variety can thrive from Liaoning in the north to Guangxi in the south, producing good results in various regions. (4) High yield and stable production. The tree grows vigorously, forming a full canopy within three years. In the second year, each tree yields 1-2 kg, increasing to 5-10 kg in the third year. By the fifth year, it enters a high-yield phase, producing 25-35 kg annually. (5) Moderate maturity. In Suzhou, the fruit matures from late September to early October.
When establishing a jujube orchard, it's essential to choose a site that is sunny, well-drained, and protected from strong winds. Sandy soil with good fertility and depth is ideal. Dig planting holes 0.5-0.8 meters wide and deep, and add 25-50 kg of organic fertilizer, 50-100 grams of urea, and 500 grams of compound fertilizer per hole as base fertilizer. There are three planting densities to consider: (1) Standard density—planting at 2m x 3m spacing, resulting in 110 trees per acre, which is typical for a standard orchard; (2) High density—1m x 3m spacing, with 220 trees per acre, suitable for early high-yield production; (3) Ultra-high density—more than 350 trees per acre, ideal for dwarf close planting.
Timely planting is crucial. Use seedlings with a complete root system and a height of at least 1 meter. Plant in spring or autumn. Spring planting usually occurs between mid-April and early May, and plants should be planted before they start to sprout. Autumn planting is done after the jujube leaves fall but before the ground freezes. To protect young seedlings from cold, cover their roots with wet soil before winter. In the following spring, when temperatures reach 14°C or higher, remove the covering, water thoroughly, and keep the plastic film in place. Autumn planting can achieve over 95% survival rates and better growth than spring planting. In southern regions where the soil doesn’t freeze, planting can occur from the time the tree sheds its leaves until the next growing season, without the need for frost protection.
For newly planted jujube trees, root development is slow, so irrigation is necessary during dry periods. Regular weeding and mulching with grass help retain moisture. During rainy seasons, ensure proper drainage. Throughout the growing season, apply manure or quick-release chemical fertilizers multiple times. From mid-June to late July, pest and disease control is important. Spray a solution of 0.3% KHâ‚‚POâ‚„ and 0.2% urea every 7-10 days.
Pruning is essential for shaping the tree. A spindle shape or sparse layer structure is commonly used. Prune regularly to promote vigorous growth and expand the canopy. Jujubes mainly flower on the second branch, and fruit develops from side branches. Before flowering, remove the first and second branches of the main shoot. At the beginning and peak of flowering, spray leaves with a solution containing 10×10â»â¶ to 15×10â»â¶ gibberellin, 0.2% borax or boric acid, and 0.3% urea. For vigorous trees, girdling 30 cm above the ground can help improve fruit set. During hot and dry flowering periods, spraying fresh water in the evening can increase fruit setting rates.
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