Management of flower bud differentiation in autumn fruit trees
Autumn is a period of differentiation of flower buds of peach, plum, pear, apricot, apple, jujube, persimmon and other fruit trees. The accumulation of tree nutrients and the quality of flower bud differentiation are closely related to the yield and quality of jujube fruit trees. Therefore, in addition to the normal soil, fertilizer, water management and pest control during this period, according to the different varieties, the pros and cons of the tree vigor, take some measures conducive to flower bud differentiation, in order to improve the yield and quality of fruit trees. Early fruit picking and fruit picking in phases For saplings or old and weak trees, early fruit harvesting should be carried out according to the specific conditions of tree vigor, so as to reduce the nutrient burden on the tree body, so as to facilitate restoration of vigor and promote flower bud differentiation. To adopt a method of fruit harvesting in stages for better-managed high-yield trees is beneficial to the restoration of tree potential. Timely application of root fertilizer The fruit consumes a lot of nutrients in the tree body and must be supplemented with nutrients in time to restore the tree vigor, ensure that there is sufficient nutrient supply for flower bud differentiation, improve the quality of flower buds, and increase the ability to withstand cold in winter. Generally, the strong trees are sprayed with a 0.2%~0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or a mixture of 2%~3% superphosphate and 0.3% urea; 0.3%~0.5% urea solution is sprayed on the old and weak trees, each 7~ Spray 10 times a day, even spray 3 to 4 times. Appropriate water control for flower bud differentiation For fruit trees that undergo flower bud differentiation in May to October, such as apples, peaches, plums, pears, etc., after the fruit is picked, the liquid fertilizer is applied twice every 7 days, and the water is controlled until the color of the fruit leaves becomes light, and the leaves are slightly changed. The degree of micro cracking of the roll or topsoil. If the drought is too severe, it is necessary to spray water on the leaf surface or splash water on the surface, and control the water for 20 to 30 days. For trees with early results and prosperous trees with few results, the water control time should be longer. Spraying agent Spraying before the shoot stops can effectively control the growth of new shoots and promote the differentiation of the top buds into flower buds. After the fruits are harvested, paclobutrazol is used to control its growth, which can promote flower bud differentiation. Orally applied paclobutrazol, usually 15-30 grams per plant, after-effect up to 3 years. Spraying ethephon in autumn can control the growth of young trees and promote the development of short and middle branches, which is conducive to the formation of flower buds (used for unsuccessful saplings).
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