Rice blast disease prevention and control technology
Rice false smut is one of the main diseases of rice in Jidong rice area. The disease not only directly affects rice yield, but also seriously pollutes rice due to pathogens, affecting health after eating and drinking. (a) symptom recognition Rice false smut is a fungal disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani, which causes large black granules and is easily recognizable. (2) Law of occurrence The pathogen is mainly wintering with sclerotia in rice fields, and some of the diseased grains are mixed in the seeds or the diseased spores are attached to the seeds for wintering. When the conditions are appropriate in the following year, the sclerotia germinates, and the spores are spread by the airflow, infecting the flower buds and young buds that are being flowering, which is called flowering infestation. After the rice is closed, the bacteria can no longer invade, and the rice is filled with flowers. I began to see the illness. The general corners of the field are heavier, the nitrogen fertilizer is applied, and the late rice is green and prosperous. The flowering period is heavier when it is raining and high temperature. The development temperature of the pathogen is 26-28 °C. Planting susceptible varieties, late application of panicle fertilizer or large amount of fertilizer, so that the growth of rice after heading is too lush and green, and the high-humidity weather during the flowering period, it is easy to cause a large area of ​​disease. In the 1980s, rice smut was very heavy. It was very light in 1990-1993. It was difficult to test it. However, after the 冀粳14 was replaced in 1994, the disease became popular again, so the relationship with the variety was also great. (3) Prevention and control measures The prevention and control of rice false smut is important in prevention. First, rational fertilization ensures the robust growth of rice plants. Second, it is the premise that rice is broken and early application of pesticides for chemical protection is the key. The medicament for controlling rice false smut can be divided into a copper preparation, an organic bactericide and a biological bactericide. Organotin preparations are now banned in the country and will not be introduced. (1) Copper preparation: 30% DT (100-150 g/mu), 14% lysine copper suspension (350-400 ml/mu), 23% copper copper (125 ml/mu), 27.12% copper Noble (basic copper sulfate 30-50ml / mu). It is required to apply the medicine 3 to 10 days before the rice is broken (about when the sword leaves are just exposed to the sword leaves, and when the flag leaf pillow is equal to the inverted 2 leaf pillow), the sooner the medicine is used, the better. . DT, lysine copper can not be applied after the rice is broken, and it can not be mixed with other chemicals, otherwise it will produce the key, but the high copper can be mixed. (2) Organic fungicide: 10% Yangsheng (oxazolol) 40g/mu, 12.5% ​​wokri (enzolol) 20g/mu, sprayed 3~5 days before rice break. (3) Biological fungicide (antibiotics): 5% Jinggangmycin water 150-200 ml/mu, and cure rice false smut and sheath blight. It takes more than 2 times to use the medicine. The sword leaves are sprayed once when the tip is exposed, and then sprayed once in a few days.
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