Wintering Dutch beans are a unique and nutritious vegetable that has gained popularity in northern regions in recent years. Known for their excellent flavor and high nutritional value, they have become a favorite among farmers and consumers alike. The cultivation of wintering Dutch beans involves several key steps to ensure a successful harvest.
First, soil preparation is essential. After the autumn harvest of crops such as cotton, rice, and sweet potatoes, the fields are cleared. A single application of 3,000 kg of organic manure, 10 kg of urea, 50 kg of superphosphate, 15–20 kg of potassium sulfate, and some wood ash is applied to enrich the soil. The field is then shaped into ridges 2 meters wide, 25 cm high, and 20 cm apart, which helps with drainage and root development.
Second, proper sowing techniques are crucial. The Kingfisher dwarf variety, including Hollander beans, is commonly used due to its compact size (12–16 cm long) and market appeal. In the Yellow River Basin, the ideal sowing period is between October 15 and November 5. In warmer areas like the Jianghuai region, sowing can be delayed until mid to late November. Before planting, avoid overwatering to prevent seedling rot. Planting is done in large and small rows—60 cm for large rows, 40 cm for small rows, with 20–25 cm between plants. Each hole should contain 2–3 seeds, covered with 2–3 cm of soil.
Third, field management plays a significant role in the success of the crop. Before winter, it's important to loosen the soil around the seedlings to promote strong growth and help them survive the cold. If frost is expected, covering the plants with plastic film can provide extra protection. In colder northern areas where temperatures drop below -10°C, windbreaks made from corn stalks can be installed. As spring approaches, regular weeding and soil loosening help raise soil temperature and improve water absorption. At this time, applying 10 kg of urea per acre encourages early growth, flowering, and pod formation. A small greenhouse can be used to speed up the process, allowing the beans to be harvested earlier and brought to market within 15 days. By early March, using cotton stalks to support the plants improves air circulation and increases yield by about 20%. During the flowering stage, applying 10 kg of urea and 15 kg of urea at the peak bloom helps control water use and promotes better pod development. Spraying plant growth regulators like 920, Baofeng, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and other micronutrients further enhances plant health and productivity.
Finally, harvesting and pest control are critical. It typically takes 7–10 days from flowering to the first harvest. Using scissors to pick the first batch of pods helps prevent vines from tangling and ensures higher yields. In later stages, pests such as cabbage caterpillars and soybean aphids may appear. These can be controlled using a mixture of chrysanthemum-based pesticides and phoxim. Regular monitoring and timely intervention are necessary to maintain crop quality and maximize yield.
Anti-aging And Anti-wrinkle Raw Materials
What are all the anti-aging cosmetic ingredients nowadays?
Cosmetic anti-aging and anti-wrinkle ingredients can be broadly categorized as follows:
1. Antioxidants: Antioxidants can resist free radical damage to the skin, thus preventing skin aging. Common antioxidants include Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Coenzyme Q10, green tea extract, and so on.
2. Proteins: Proteins can provide the nutrients needed by the skin and help skin cell renewal. Common protein ingredients are collagen and elastin.
3. Amino Acids: Amino acids are essential nutrients for skin cell growth and can help maintain healthy skin. Common amino acids are lysine, glycine, serine, etc.
4. Plant extracts: Plant extracts are rich in antioxidants and vitamins, which can help the skin resist free radical damage. Common plant extracts include green tea extracts, grape seed extracts, rose extracts and so on.
5. Fatty acids: Fatty acids can help maintain the water-oil balance of the skin, preventing dryness and wrinkles. Common fatty acids are linolenic acid, omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil, etc.
6. Peptides: Peptides can stimulate the skin to produce collagen, thus increasing the elasticity and firmness of the skin. Common peptide ingredients include lysine-tyrosine-lysine peptide and palmitoyl pentapeptide.
7. Enzymes: Enzymes can help skin cell renewal and increase skin metabolism, thus preventing skin aging. Common enzymes include fruit acids, lactic acid bacteria, etc.
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