Cultivation of autumn garlic
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1. Select the best garlic varieties and prepare healthy seedlings. Before planting, separate the garlic sprouts into three categories: large, medium, and small. Soak the individual cloves in well water (which has a low temperature) for 12 hours to break their dormancy and encourage sprouting. This step is essential for ensuring uniform growth and a strong start for your garlic plants.
2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer and properly prepare the soil. After digging the "three ditches" system, apply the base fertilizer all at once. The base fertilizer typically includes composted manure, 20 kg of urea, 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 15 kg of potassium fertilizer, or alternatively, 50 kg of high-quality compound fertilizer. When applying the base fertilizer, you can plant from early August to early September, or even late September to late October, depending on local climate conditions.
3. Plant at the right density and manage the field effectively. Use a ditch system with spacing of 10 to 15 cm between rows and 3 to 5 cm between plants. Each acre should have about 150 to 200 kg of garlic cloves. When planting, place the cloves in the trenches, follow the spacing, and cover them with soil using your hands to prevent them from being flipped. Water immediately after sowing, and cover the soil again after watering. Three to four days later, apply 20 kg of ammonium sulfate per acre. Water every two days after fertilizing, and do this three times in total. Once the seedlings reach 20 cm in height, perform the second soil covering. At the same time, monitor for pests and apply pesticides as needed after the first signs of infestation appear.
4. Provide shade for seedlings and harvest at the right time. In the early stage, when temperatures are high, use a 1-meter-high flat shed, shade net, or straw cover to protect the seedlings from sunburn. Cover the seedlings before 8 AM each day and remove the cover after 5 PM. When the garlic reaches more than 20 cm in height, it's ready for harvesting. You can either cut the tops or pull the entire plant. Harvest every 10 to 15 days, and each time, apply 20 kg of urea dissolved in water as a top dressing. This process can continue until the Spring Festival, ensuring continuous yield throughout the season.