Cultivation of autumn garlic
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1. Select high-quality garlic varieties and prepare healthy seedlings. Before planting, separate the garlic sprouts into three categories: large, medium, and small. Soak the individual cloves in well water (which is relatively cool) for 12 hours to break their dormancy and encourage germination. This step helps ensure uniform growth and better yield.
2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer and properly prepare the field. After digging the "Three Ditch" system, apply all the base fertilizer at once. The base fertilizer usually consists of composted manure, 20 kg of urea, 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 15 kg of potassium fertilizer, or 50 kg of high-quality compound fertilizer. With proper base fertilizer, planting can be done from early August to early September, or even late September to late October, depending on local conditions.
3. Plant at the right density and manage the field carefully. Use a ditch system with spacing of about 10–15 cm between rows and 3–5 cm between plants. Each acre should have 150–200 kg of garlic cloves. When planting, place the cloves into the trenches, follow the spacing, and cover them with soil using your hands to prevent them from falling over. Water immediately after sowing, and cover the soil after watering. Two to four days later, apply 20 kg of ammonium sulfate per acre. Water every two days after fertilizing, and do this three times in total. When the seedlings reach 20 cm in height, perform the second soil covering. Also, monitor for pests and spray pesticides as needed after the seedlings emerge.
4. Protect seedlings from excessive sunlight and harvest at the right time. In the early stages, when temperatures are high, use a 1-meter-high flat shed, shade net, or straw cover to protect the garlic seedlings from sunburn. Cover the plants before 8 a.m. and remove the cover after 5 p.m. Once the garlic reaches more than 20 cm in height, begin harvesting. You can either cut the leaves or pull up the entire plant. Harvest every 10–15 days. After each harvest, apply 20 kg of urea dissolved in water to maintain growth. This process can continue until the Spring Festival.