Peanut Deficiency and Yellowing Prevention and Treatment
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In July and August each year, North China experiences a period of heavy rainfall, which is also the peak growth season for peanuts. During this time, peanuts are particularly vulnerable to iron deficiency, leading to a condition known as iron-deficiency chlorosis. This issue can significantly affect plant health and yield if not addressed promptly.
When peanuts lack sufficient iron, the first visible signs appear as yellowing on the upper leaves, while the older leaves and their veins at the lower part of the plant remain green. As the deficiency worsens, the leaf veins may turn yellow, and all the new leaves in the upper parts become completely white. In severe cases, brown spots may develop, leading to necrosis and drying out of the affected leaves.
To prevent and treat iron deficiency in peanuts, farmers often use a 0.1% to 0.2% solution of ferrous sulfate, commonly referred to as "black peony" or "green locust." This solution is typically sprayed every 5 to 7 days, with up to 3 to 4 applications needed depending on the severity of the problem. However, because peanut leaves are smooth and have strong water-repelling properties, the effectiveness of the spray can be improved by adding a small amount of neutral detergent powder—about 0.1%—to the solution. This helps the liquid adhere better to the leaves, increasing absorption and improving overall treatment results.
It's important to monitor the plants regularly during this critical growth stage and apply treatments as needed to ensure healthy development and optimal yields.