Cotton buds look out for wilt
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Since the beginning of spring this year, heavy rainfall, low temperatures, and fluctuations in weather have led to widespread outbreaks of diseases such as blight, root rot, and anthrax in cotton seedlings. Based on our experience, we expect that cotton wilt and flooding will follow, which could result in significant crop losses due to plant death. Therefore, it's crucial for cotton farmers to implement scientific prevention and control measures to minimize damage. Over recent years, the Beijing Xingyuan Ecological Work Station has conducted extensive research on cotton disease management, particularly for wilt and verticillium wilt, and has developed effective strategies with promising results. Below are some practical recommendations:
1. **Agronomic Practices: Timely Cultivation, Mulching, and Ridge Formation**
During the bud stage, timely cultivation is essential to break up soil compaction, improve soil aeration, moisture retention, and temperature regulation. This helps inhibit harmful bacterial growth, promotes deeper root development, enhances nutrient uptake, and boosts disease resistance. It also supports balanced growth between vegetative and reproductive stages, preventing early aging. When cultivating, be cautious: in high-yield fields that tend to grow too vigorously after rain or irrigation, avoid deep cultivation to prevent excessive growth. For weak plants, focus on shallow cultivation. In late June, remove mulch and ridge the soil to help roots grow beneath the furrow, aiding in drought resistance, flood control, and reducing lodging. Avoid delaying ditch opening to prevent excessive root development and premature aging.
2. **Chemical Control: Sterilization Combined with Nutrition**
Cotton wilt typically occurs around the budding stage, usually in mid-to-late June. Given the heavy rainfall this year, there's a high risk of widespread wilt outbreaks. To prevent this, apply fungicides like carbendazim, oxytetracycline, or Bixidan as foliar sprays at 5–7 day intervals, applying them 2–3 times. It's important to combine these with hormone-free, full-nutrient biological foliar fertilizers such as Kunyuan 588 or Ecological Source. Avoid using hormone-based growth stimulants, as they can do more harm than good by over-stimulating growth instead of supporting natural resilience.
**Recommended Spraying Formulas (per 15 kg of water):**
- **Formula One:** 40 ml Kunyuan 588 or Ecological Source + 40 ml Oxygen + 4–5 grams Streptomycin
- **Formula Two:** 40 ml Kunyuan 588 or Ecological Source + 20 grams Bi Xidan
**Application Method:** Spray both sides of the leaves before 9 AM or after 5 PM. This method effectively controls diseases, promotes healthy seedling growth, enhances immunity, and prevents early aging and brown wilt. By following these practices, farmers can significantly reduce the impact of diseases and ensure healthier, more productive cotton crops.