Cotton buds look out for wilt
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Since the beginning of this spring, due to heavy rainfall, low temperatures, and fluctuating weather conditions, large areas of cotton seedlings have been affected by diseases such as blight, root rot, and anthrax. Based on our experience, cotton wilt disease is likely to follow, especially after flooding, which could lead to a significant number of plant deaths in cotton fields. Therefore, it is crucial for cotton farmers to prioritize scientific prevention and control measures to minimize losses. Over the past few years, the Beijing Xingyuan Ecological Work Station has conducted extensive research on the prevention of cotton diseases, particularly withering and verticillium wilt, and has developed effective strategies that have yielded satisfactory results. Here are some recommendations:
1. Agronomic Practices: Timely Cultivation, Mulching, and Ridge Formation
During the bud stage, timely cultivation should be carried out to break up soil compaction, improve soil moisture, temperature, and permeability, thereby inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria. This helps the roots grow deeper, enhances nutrient absorption, and boosts the plants' resistance to disease. It also promotes balanced growth between vegetative and reproductive stages, preventing early aging. When cultivating, high-yield fields that show signs of excessive growth after rain or irrigation should be cultivated more deeply to avoid over-cultivation. For weak plants, shallow cultivation with a focus on promoting growth is recommended. In late June, it's important to remove the mulch and form ridges to help the roots grow under the ridge, which can help prevent drought, flooding, and lodging. It's essential not to delay opening the ditches, as this may cause excessive root development and lead to early aging.
2. Chemical Control: Sterilization Combined with Nutrition
Cotton wilt typically occurs before and after the budding stage, usually around mid to late June. Given the heavy rainfall this year, there is a high risk of widespread wilt outbreaks. To address this, it's advisable to start using fungicides like carbendazim, oxytetracycline, or Bixidan as foliar sprays at the beginning of June. Apply them every 5–7 days for 2–3 times to effectively prevent and control the disease. When applying fungicides, it's important to add hormone-free, full-nutrition biological foliar fertilizers such as Kunyuan 588 or Ecological Source. Avoid using hormone-based growth stimulants, as they can be counterproductive by causing stress rather than supporting healthy growth.
The specific formulas are as follows (per 15 kg of water):
Formula One: 40 ml of Kunyuan 588 or Ecological Source + 40 ml of Oxygen + 4–5 grams of Streptomycin
Formula Two: 40 ml of Kunyuan 588 or Ecological Source + 20 grams of Bixidan
Application Method: Spray evenly on both sides of the leaves before 9 a.m. or after 5 p.m. This method effectively controls cotton field diseases, promotes strong, healthy seedlings, enhances immunity, and prevents premature aging and brown wilt.