Several Measures of Feeding and Management of the Chicklings
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Since 2002, our school has bred American red-legged beaks. Through several years of practical exploration, we have summarized several measures for the feeding and management of young chicks for reference by their peers.
1 Brooding methods and cages
Brooding methods are caged and raised.
Cage breeding can be used for ordinary chicken cages. The wire mesh is 1.0 centimeters and 1.0 centimeters around the perimeter and the top of the cage. 0.5 centimeters and 0.5 centimeters of wire mesh are used at the bottom of the cage.
For flat breeding, you may choose to use a leeward sunny house for raising broods, preferably a concrete floor, which can prevent rats and keep warm and be easy to clean and sterilize. However, litter (sawdust, rice husk, etc.) should be used.
2 Preparation for brooding
Sites, cages, troughs, sinks, etc. should be cleaned and disinfected. Prepare formulated feeds and additives, as well as essential medicines. 3 to 6 hours before hatching, the cage should be preheated.
3 Temperature
Temperature is the primary condition for the success or failure of brooding. Even if the brooding is done in summer, the temperature difference between day and night is relatively large and it still needs to be warmed. The brooding temperature is 1.0~2.0°C higher than that of chickens, and it is 37.5~36.0°C in the first week, and it drops by about 1.0°C every week thereafter, and the holding time is 30~45 days.
The temperature of brooding is too high, the young cubs are far away from heat, their mouths are open and their drinking water is increased. The temperature of the brooding is too low, and it accumulates under the heat source. The appetite drops and the drinking water decreases. As a result, the brooding can cause crushed death and pressure injury.
4 Humidity
The prostitutes are hi dry and afraid of wetness. Within 1 week of age, the relative humidity in the brooding house is preferably 65%, and it is maintained at 55% to 60% from the 2nd week. The main measure to protect against moisture is regular removal of dung.
5 Density
Excessive breeding density not only affects growth, but also can easily cause lice. The number of chicks within 10 days of age is 40 to 50 per square meter, from the 10th to the 4th week to 30 per square meter, and from the 5 to 8 weeks of age to 20 to 25 per square meter.
6 Ventilation
Under the condition of good insulation, the indoor air is sought to be fresh. Appropriately open the broiler room doors and windows or enable mechanical ventilation and other methods to discharge dirty air. When ventilating and ventilating, care should be taken to prevent cold winds from blowing directly on the chicks to prevent the onset of cold. Whether the indoor air is clean or not, people should not feel sulking and have no irritating eyes and nose.
7 Light
Illumination time and intensity have a great influence on the feeding, drinking, and growth of the chicks. 21 to 23 hours of light is applied within 1 week of age and the intensity is 15 to 20 lux. From the 8th day onwards, the daily light is reduced by 1 hour until 10 hours, and the light intensity is 10 lux. By the end of the third week, artificial light can be stopped and natural light can be taken.
For meat caries to achieve the desired growth rate, 20 hours of light can be used after 1 week of age, with an intensity of 5 lux.
8 drinking water
After 12-12 hours from the shell, water is supplied, and the cooled drinking water is prepared in advance. The temperature of the drinking water should be close to room temperature. Probably feeding more than 36 hours of chicks can affect health and even cause death. If the chicks do not drink water, they can be artificially induced, that is, catching a young chick and immersing it in a sink so that other young chicks can follow it. 1 to 3 days of drinking water to add some antibiotics (such as 0.02% oxytetracycline), the edge of the sink height and water level to facilitate the chicks to drink water, but to prevent the chicks from stepping into the sink to prevent feathers from being wet or drowned. If you add some bright stones in the sink, you can induce chicks to eat and drink.
9 Feeding
After drinking water, the young chicks can eat. Feed the whole price of the detritus material, ie use broken pellets or full-price powder. Eating with a single ingredient is not conducive to the growth of the chicks, and it will also increase the difficulty of reloading. The limbs of the newborn chicks are weaker, and they need to be covered with clean grass paper in order to allow the chicks to stand up and walk smoothly to prevent the double limbs from breaking and the occurrence of umbilical corditis. The pad is removed after 3-7 days. Feces fall from the mesh. When feeding, the feed is directly sprinkled on the grass paper, free feed can be used to feed, but can not be fed into the feed 1 day, use multiple feeding method. After 3 days, the food trough was changed and the water and food troughs were separated and placed no more than 1 meter apart.
10 Cutting off
Like a chicken, you must break it. During the breeding process, feathers, blinks, licking, etc. may occur. The use of cutting off is the best measure to reduce these evils.
Care should be taken in the event of a severe disability around 1 week of age. Do not break your mouth or even break your tongue. Use a dedicated smashing device or finger pliers or scissors to cut the sacral end to the 1/3 of the nostril. When removing, the bread should be slightly upward, and the upper eyelid should be removed more than the lower eyelid. Repeat again at 6 weeks of age. Adding proper amount of vitamins in the feed 1~3 days before and after the cut off can reduce the stress response. After the break, feed and water should be added to avoid damage to the cut surface and affect the diet.
11 Training and Induction
The gallbladder is frightened, has high stress, encounters abnormal sound or foreign matter, or is affected by environmental factors (eg, excessive temperature, strong light stimulation, etc.), and is prone to stress reactions, resulting in decreased productivity. even death. Therefore, within 30 hours after hatching, the chicks have a strong ability to receive stress stimuli, and they are trained in various stress factors (sound, light, color, objects, etc.). To cultivate its adaptability. In the future feeding and management, attention should be paid to avoid or eliminate various stress factors, keep the venue quiet, and decline to visit in order to avoid economic losses.
12 Health and Epidemic Prevention
Do a good job of sanitation, insist on cleaning up the excrement daily, cleaning water and food troughs.
On the day of shelling, add 0.02% oxytetracycline to prevent gastrointestinal infection.
15 to 20 days old chicks were diluted 1:10 with Newcastle Disease II attenuated vaccines and they were given intranasally with 2 drops each; 45 to 50 days old, Newcastle disease II attenuated vaccines were used as the second intranasal drip; 90~ 100-day-old animals were administrated intramuscularly with a 1:2 000 dilution of Newcastle disease virus I strains, 0.5 ml each.