Geese artificial breeding technology

Wild geese, also known as wild geese, are the general names of the geese, grey geese, bean geese and snow geese in the genus of the duck branch goose. It is a large-scale migratory bird and one of the important water birds in China. It is a national second-class protected animal. The wild goose meat has a high protein content and is a high-protein, low-fat food. Eggs are rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron and other essential minerals. They have extremely high nourishing and health-care effects and are traditionally superior game treasures. Its light and soft down, good warmth, can be used as clothing, bedding and other filling materials, harder feathers can be made of fans and other crafts. In recent years, the wild wild geese have gradually decreased, and artificial domestication has not only significant economic benefits, but also can effectively protect this fine variety.

Artificial Incubation of Wild Goose Breeding Eggs

1, egg disinfection. After the eggs are laid, they are often contaminated with grass and feces.

Bacteria can enter the inside of the egg through the shell hole after 30 minutes. Therefore, the eggs should be disinfected in time. Put the eggs in a sterilizer, and pour the formalin into the glass or enamel container with 28 ml of formalin solution and 14 g of potassium permanganate per cubic meter. Bubbles, the volume of the container used is 5 to 7 times larger than the volume of formalin used, then pour potassium permanganate, close the doors and windows, after a few minutes, the formaldehyde vapor overflows, open the doors and windows after 12 hours to 24 hours The residual gas is released and the eggs are moved into the storage room.

2, warm up. Preheating the eggs prior to hatching allows the embryo to adapt to the environment and prevent the eggs from sweating. First use potassium permanganate or bacteria to kill, 100 poison and other drugs according to the instructions dubbed the desired concentration, the eggs in the liquid soak for 3 minutes to 5 minutes, remove and dry, placed in the incubation room for 6 hours to preheat ~ 8 hours.

3, hatch management. 1 temperature and humidity control. The batches of hatching eggs are mainly changed in temperature, and the temperature range is controlled at 30°C-37°C; the temperature is gradually lowered before and then gradually lowered; the hatching eggs in batches are incubated at a constant temperature of 38°C-38.5°C. The principle of humidity control is two high and low in the middle. From 1 day to 3 days, 65% to 70% are maintained, from 4 days to 28 days, the control is from 60% to 65%, and from 29 days to 31 days, it is increased to 70% to 75%. In addition, ventilation is as smooth as possible under normal temperature and humidity conditions. 2 turn eggs, eggs and cool eggs. The automatic egg turning hatching machine turns the egg once every 2 hours, and it turns once every 3 hours to 4 hours when manually or using the soil method, and the turning angle is 45 to 90 degrees. The geese breeding eggs need to be preserved three times during the entire incubation period. For the first time on the fifth day after hatching, no eggs or dead eggs were picked. On the 10th day of the second time, embryonic eggs were culled and the cause was promptly identified and the hatching conditions were adjusted. The third time was performed on the 26th day. The development of the embryos was mainly observed and the time of dishing was determined. The machine hatches twice a day at regular intervals. In the 16 days after hatching, the eggs are removed from the egg tray rack for about 2/3 of the cool eggs, and the cool eggs are controlled within 30 minutes. Soil incubation can cool eggs by reducing the amount of cover and increasing ventilation.

4, midwifery. The geese breed eggs have thick shells, and the broken teeth of the young geese are not very sharp. Some young chicks do not produce shells properly. Therefore, midwifery should give birth during the hatching period. The allantoic blood vessels have withered, the inner shell yellowing, embryo eggs with scissors, etc. gently open in the blunt part of the egg, remove the eggshell about 1/3, and gently pull the head out of the young goose, put Make it out of the hatcher by itself.

Feeding management of young geese

Young geese refer to young geese from hatching to the age of one month. This period is a key stage of artificial domestication. At the same time, due to incomplete digestive function and poor body temperature regulation, young geese must be meticulously reared and managed.

1, temperature and density. Newborn geese are chilly, vulnerable to cold, easily piled up and squeezed to cause casualties, so proper temperature and density must be maintained. From 1 day to 4 days of age to maintain 30°C to 28°C, 20 to 25 per square meter; from 5 days to 14 days of age, maintain 27 to 25°C, 15 to 20 per square meter; 15 days of age~ 30 days of age to maintain 24 °C ~ 18 °C, 10 to 15 per square meter; 30 days after the temperature can be raised.

2, drinking water and feeding. The first time the young geese drink water, also known as the tide mouth, young geese 12-18 hours after hatching, in the water dish into a 2 cm to 2.5 cm deep 0.01% potassium permanganate solution, the young geese into the water free Drink 3 to 5 minutes. After drinking water, you can start eating, and start eating food by soaking fine broken rice with chopped vegetables and leaves, or mix and feed with mixed moisture and leaves. The ratio is 1:2 to 3. Feeding green materials for young geese must be fresh, washed and chopped; fine materials should not be hard but should not be too viscous. 1 day to 3 days of age, feed is sprinkled on newspapers or plastic cloths and allowed to feed freely, feeding 4 to 5 times a day. After 4 days of age, it can be fed in a feeding trough, feeding 6 to 7 times a day, and Increase the proportion of green feed to 70% to 80%. After 21 days of age, the digestive abilities of young wild goose are greatly enhanced, and some pellets or broken corn can be properly fed. Young geese drinking more water, should ensure uninterrupted water supply throughout the day.

3, moisture and disease prevention. Humid environments often cause a variety of diseases, so the brooding room must be bright and spacious, with adequate light and ventilation. The litter should be clean and dry without any mildew, and the utensils should be cleaned, aired and disinfected. The stadium must be cleaned every day to maintain hygiene. It can also feed garlic juice and penicillin in feed or drinking water to prevent diseases.

4, grazing. To enhance the young geese's constitution and adapt to the surrounding environment as quickly as possible, when the weather is fine, you can rush the 7-day-old geese to free activities in grazing land for 20 minutes to 30 minutes in the morning; after 15 days of age, you can drive the geese to shallow water. Swimming for 30 minutes to 50 minutes, once each time in the morning and afternoon, and grazing all day after 30 days of age.

Commercial meat geese breeding

Wild geese that are younger than one month old before they enter the breeding season are young geese. Young geese have a high intake and strong resistance, and they are the fastest growing stage. At this stage, grazing can be conducted throughout the day, and appropriate supplements can be added to the grazing. After the main wings are fully grown, they can be fattened.

The fattening of commercial meat geese mainly limits their activities, reduces the consumption of nutrients in the body, and promotes long meat and deposited fat.

. Before the fattening, according to the number of wild geese, wooden twigs, branches, straws, etc. are divided into several small columns with a height of 60-70 cm. Feeding troughs and sinks are hung outside the bar, feeding through the gaps in the bar. Generally about 1 square meter per column, 2 to 3 meat geese. Before the start of fattening, the parasites were exterminated. Feed 3 to 4 times a day before fattening. The feed was mainly corn, plus 15% of bean cake, 5% of wheat bran, 10% of leaf powder, and 0.35% of salt, at noon. Feed chopped green fodder to ensure drinking water throughout the day. Such fattening can be slaughtered when it is about 4 kg for 2 weeks to 3 weeks.

Breeding management of wild geese

When the young geese wing feathers are fully grown, the wild geese that are larger in size, strong in physique, and evenly developed in various parts of the body are selected as wild geese. The proportion of males and females adjusted by 1:2 to 3 is good. At this time, the flight of the geese is already strong. In order to prevent fleeing, the wild geese should be unplugged from the wild geese that have not undergone a wing-breaking operation when they are young.

The geese that are reserved for breeding are still grazing-based, supplemented with appropriate concentrates, and the nutrient levels of the feed should be gradually increased. The amount of light should be appropriately increased to supplement the green feed as much as possible in order to prompt it to reach sexual maturity as soon as possible. The wild geese are sexually mature later, and the female geese need 3 years to be able to lay eggs. After the wild geese are domesticated, their sexual maturity can be advanced to September to 10 months of age.

The mating activities of geese must be carried out on water. During the breeding period, the number of water discharges should be increased and the time for water release extended, especially in the morning. Generally, the geese begin to lay their eggs after mating. They produce one egg every 2 days to 3 days. The first year of geese production can produce about 15 eggs, and the second year to the sixth year can produce about 25 eggs. The female geese in the breeding season are relatively full on the abdomen. Do not drive away during the animal husbandry. It is best to choose near places where the terrain is flat and where there is sufficient water and pasture. Observe during grazing period, if any unscrupulous geese are found, they should be caught in time and use the index finger to press the anus to see if there are any eggs. If there are eggs, they should be sent back to the nests to prevent them from growing. The bad habit of egg in grazing land.

Wild geese common diseases prevention and treatment

1. Goslings. The disease is caused by gosling plague virus acute infectious disease of young goose, mainly through the digestive tract infection, within 20 days of young geese susceptible to disease, mainly in the late winter and early spring season. Clinical symptoms: Depressed, necked, difficult to walk, often left alone, followed by digestive disorders, diarrhea, eating or hunger strike. Severe diarrhoea in the late period, excreted pale white or yellow turbidity with thin excrement with bubbles or pseudomembrane. Neurological symptoms, neck twists, convulsions, or spasms can occur before dying.

Control measures: inoculation of gosling attenuated vaccine, or anti-goose sera prepared with adult geese, can be prevented by subcutaneous injection of 0.5 ml. If the young goose is onset in 3 days to 5 days, it means that the incubator has been contaminated. The hatching should be stopped immediately and thoroughly disinfected before it can continue to hatch.

2, geese influenza. The disease, also known as goose exudative septicemia, is an acute infectious disease of wild goose caused by Shigella. It can be caused by pathogens contaminating feed and drinking water, or it can be infected by respiratory tract. Mainly in the spring and autumn season. Clinical symptoms: The disease has a short incubation period. Symptoms may appear within a few hours after infection. There is serous rhinorrhea in the nasal cavity, difficulty in breathing, and squeaking. From time to time, the head is strongly shaken. When severe, the foot is paralyzed and cannot stand. The duration is 2 days to 4 days. There was a squat before death. Control measures: Treatment with antibiotics and sulfonamides. Oral dose of 30 mg/kg body weight of the enemy, twice a day, usually can be cured on the 4th.

3, wild eggs and eggs. The disease is a bacterial infectious disease of laying geese, mainly caused by inflammation of the ovary and fallopian tubes. Clinical symptoms: The anus has stinky faeces, mixed with protein and small pieces of yolk, 2 to 6 days later, no food, no water, no water, and weakness. Prevention measures: oral furazolidone, 25 mg per geese, mixed for 3 days in the feed or intramuscular injection of streptomycin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin and so on.

4, tsutsugamushi disease. The protozoa of the geese gnatosis are the sword tapeworm and the shell worm, and the intermediate host is the sword scorpion or freshwater snail. If geese mistakenly eat the infected sword leeks or freshwater snails, the larvae mature in the intestine and can seriously infest the geese from 2 weeks to 4 months of age. Mostly in late spring and summer. Clinical symptoms: First of all, digestive dysfunction occurs, excretion of thin white feces, mixed with white locust segments, loss of appetite, and no food until late. Growth pauses, weight loss, apathy, dislikes activities, outstretched, weak legs, falls backwards or suddenly falls to one side, cannot stand, and generally dies 1 to 5 days after onset.

Prevention measures: First, avoid grazing in dead ponds to avoid contact with sword leeches. The second is that regular inspections of wild geese infected with locusts should be systematically targeted to prevent insect transmission. Third, young geese and adult geese should be kept separately and grazing. The fourth is to use praziquantel 10 mg/kg body weight, extermination 60 mg/kg body weight, sulfodichlorophenol 200 mg/kg body weight, albendazole 40 mg/kg body weight, respectively, with a small amount of flour and water mixing, and then measured Weigh the medicine and make it into a pill, stuffed into the swallow's throat.

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)

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